002:038

The Holy Qor-an                                                                                                                002:038

فَتَلَقّٰٓى اٰدَمُ مِنۡ رَّبِّهٖ كَلِمٰتٍ فَتَابَ عَلَيۡهِ‌ؕ اِنَّهٗ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيۡمُ‏

Fa-ta-luq-qa-ada-mo-mir-rub-bay-he-ka-lay-maa-tin                                                              Fa-taa-ba-ala-hay                                                                                                                              In-na-hoo-ho-wut-tuw-wa-bor-ra-heem.

Then Adam received from his God some words                                                                So, He (God) turned to him (Adam).                                                                                He indeed is the Utmost Forgiving, the Utmost Merciful.

• فَ — Fa — Then (= Consequently; as a result; so; thereafter; therefore)
• تَلَقّٰٓى — Ta-luq-qa — Received (= v., past., s., 3rd person. Learned; received commandments or inspiration; got the revelation)
• اٰدَمُ — Aa-da-mo — Adam (= Adam; the name of a Messenger / Prophet of Allah)
• مِنَ — Min…(r) — From (= Among, from or out of a class, category, count kind, or several persons or things)
• رَّبِّ — Rub-bay — God (= The Almighty Allah who fills needs of all creatures;
  Creator; Guardian; Master; Lord Provident.  The Only One Who provides all that sustains life. Ultimate Provider of air, water, food and whatever we and all other creatures need to live and subsist)
• هٖ — He — His (= s., m., 3rd person. Refers to Adam)
• كَلِمٰتٍ — Ka-lay-maa-tin — Words (= n., pl., Activities; acts; assignments; duties; functions; messages; mission statement; phrases; promises; proofs; set of words; signs; tasks; words of prayer, inspiration, regret or remorse; signs; useful commandments)
• فَ — Fa — So (= Consequently; so; then; therefore. See فَ above)
• تَابَ — Taa-ba — He turned (= v., past., s., m., 3^rd person. As God’ act, the word means that He attended, moved, turned and forgave mercifully with kindness and compassion. See Note 002:038)
• عَلَيۡ — Alai — On (= Above; against; for; on top of; over; upon. Also possibly
  Incurs, obligates, subjects himself to, or takes on)
• هِ — Hay — Him (= s., m.,  3rd person. Refers to Adam)

The next five (5) words are repeats in verses 002:038 and 002:055

• اِنَّ — In-na — Definitely (= Absolutely; certainly; doubtlessly; earnestly; indeed; in all seriousness; positively; really; surely; truly; verily)
• هٗ — Hoo —  Only He (= s., m., 3rd person. Refers to the Almighty God)
• هُوَ — Ho-wa..(ut) — He Alone (= s., m.,  3rd person. Refers to the Almighty God. See also, “2 Pronouns referring to the same person….”)
• التَّوَّابُ — Tuw-waab .. (or) — Utmost Forgiver  (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most, and highlights that none more than Him is ready to turn  in compassion and mercy to accept the regret, remorse and repentance of man. Forgives man who admits faults, guilt or sins. A/t/a, Forgiving; Oft-Returning; Returning in utmost compassion; Relenting. See Note 002:038)
• الرَّحِيۡمُ — Ra-heem — Utmost Merciful (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most, and highlights that none more than Him shows mercy again and again, continually, incessantly and indefinitely like the endlessly and perpetually incoming waves from the oceans; Merciful Forever. See 001:002)

* Note 002:038. The basic meanings of the words derived from the Arabic Root  ت  ا  ب  revolve around returning or reversing. The translations of this word are so vast and varied that they can’t be compressed or condensed in a single word or phrase in English. The word implies 1) return, 2) reversal to the core truth and 3) human regret and repentance for forgiveness.

The concept of return or reversal is carried in every derivate of this root such as follows.

• تَا بَ  (taa-ba = v., past., s., 3^rd person) means He turned or returned in extreme compassion to forgive. As a man’s act it also means repented. regretted, reversed, felt remorse, etc.
• يَتُوۡبُ  (ya-too-bo = v., pres., s., 3^rd person) means He turns or returns in extreme compassion to forgive. As a man’s act it also means repents, regrets, reverses. feels remorse, etc.
• التَّوۡبَةُ  (ta–ba-too-n = n., s) means a man’s act of turning, returning,, reversing, repentance, regret and being remorseful.
• التَّوَّابُ (tuw-waab = n., s.,) means The One who turns or returns to forgive man’s faults, mistakes, sins and wrongs compassionately, generously, graciously and mercifully. It is like when Adam had admitted, confessed and apologized for his wrong, and God Almighty had …                                                                                                                                         * Turned to him and forgave in kindness and compassion;                                                     * Accepted his regret, remorse and repentance;                                                                         * Forgave him after admission of fault, guilt and sin;                                                                 * Granted his regret compassionately and mercifully;                                                               * Pardoned him and relented towards him with kindness; and                                               * Showered upon him mercy generously and readily.

The Holy Qor-aan has used the derivates from the root ت  ا  ب   in many verses.

1. As an act of God Almighty, such derivates followed by the word عَلَيۡ (alai meaning on, upon, to or towards) mean that He turns or turned towards man to accept his apology and afforded him another opportunity to make necessary amends. This is shown in verses like 002:038, 002:055, 002:161, 002:188, 004:018, 004:027, 004:028, 005:040, etc.
2. As an act of man, the word  تَا بَ  (taa-ba) or other derivates of its roots appear in several verses including 002:280, 004:018, etc. Additionally, this word followed by the verbاَصۡلَحَ  or other derivates reiterates the Repentance Requires Reformation rule that makes man mend his ways as stated in verses 002:161, 004:017, 004:147, 005:040, 006:055, etc.