The Holy Qor-aan 004:177
يَسۡتَفۡتُوۡنَكَ ؕ قُلِ اللّٰهُ يُفۡتِيۡكُمۡ فِى الۡـكَلٰلَةِ ؕ اِنِ امۡرُؤٌا هَلَكَ لَـيۡسَ لَهٗ وَلَدٌ وَّلَهٗۤ اُخۡتٌ فَلَهَا نِصۡفُ مَا تَرَكَ ۚ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَاۤ اِنۡ لَّمۡ يَكُنۡ لَّهَا وَلَدٌ ؕ فَاِنۡ كَانَـتَا اثۡنَتَيۡنِ فَلَهُمَا الثُّلُثٰنِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ ؕ وَاِنۡ كَانُوۡۤا اِخۡوَةً رِّجَالًا وَّنِسَآءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ الۡاُنۡثَيَيۡنِ ؕ يُبَيِّنُ اللّٰهُ لَـكُمۡ اَنۡ تَضِلُّوۡا ؕ وَاللّٰهُ بِكُلِّ شَىۡءٍ عَلِيۡمٌ
Yus-tuf-to-noo-ka-qo-lil-laa-ho-yoof-te-koom-fil-ka-la-lah
Aiy-nim-ro-oon-ha-la-ka-lai-sa-la-hoo-wa-la-doon Wa-la-hoo-ookh-toon-fa-la-haa-nis-fo-maa-ta-ra-ka Wa-ho-wa-ya-ray-tho-haa-in-lum-ya-koon-la-haa-wa-la-doon
Fa-in-kaa-na-tuth-na-tai-nay Fa-la-ho-muth-tho-lo-thaa-nay-mim-maa-ta-ra-ka
Wa-in-kaa-noo-ikh-wa-tur-ray-jaa-lunw-wa-nay-saa-un Fa-liz-za-ka-ray-mith-lo-huz-zil-oon-tha-yai-nay
Yo-buy-yay-nool-laa-ho-la-koom-un-to-dzil-loo Wul-laa-ho-bay-kool-lay-shai-in-alee-m
They ask for your direction. Say, “Allah directs you regarding Ka-laa-lah.“
If a man died and he had no child and he had a sister Then she will have one-half of what he left behind. And he will inherit her if she had no child.
But if there had been two sisters Then for them are two-thirds of what he left behind.
And if there had been siblings men and women Then for the male is like the share of two females.
Allah explains for you lest you err And Allah is Fully Aware of every thing
- يَسۡتَفۡتُوۡنَ — Yus-tuf-to-na — They ask direction (= v., pres., pl., 3rd person. Ask, beg, inquire, invite, look; request, seek or solicit for a certitude, decision, decree, direction, guidance, instruction, judgment, mandate, opinion, order or verdict. A/t/a, ‘ask … For a legal decision,’ ‘ask for a decision,’ ‘ask for instructions,’ ‘ask for a pronouncement,’ ask ‘directions concerning the inheritance,’ ‘ask … of your ruling (in the matter of inheritance of a kalalah,’ ‘ask for a legal verdict’ and ‘They consult’)
- كَ — Ka — You (= pro., s., m., 2nd person. You single male. The addressee of this divine message is the Holy Prophet s.a.w. A/t/a, ‘Thee’)
- قُلِ — Qo-l(il) — You say (= v., pres., pl., 2nd person. Announce; convey; explain; expound; inform; proclaim; profess; state; tell. A/t/a, ‘Say to them.’ See Commentary ‘You Say’ means)
- اللّٰهُ — Laa-ho — Allah (= The One and the Only One Almighty God)
- يُفۡتِيۡ — Yoof-te — Directs (= v., pres., s., 3rd person. Gives certitude, decision, decree, direction, guidance, instruction, judgment, mandate, order or verdict. A/t/a, ‘directs,’ ‘directs (thus),’ ‘gives … a decision,’ ‘gives … instructions,’ ‘gives … directions,’ ‘gives … decision,’ ‘gives … ruling,’ ‘pronounces’ and ‘instructs.’ But translating the word as ‘pronounced’ in the past tense is not of what the Holy Qor-aan has stated in the present tense)
- كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., 2nd person. You all. A/t/a, ‘for you’)
- فِى — F…(il) — In (= About; concerning; in reference, regarding; relative to)
- الۡـكَلٰلَةِ — Ka-laa-la-tay — One who died leaving no parent, progeny or proper partner in life as a spouse. See also 004:013. A/t/a, ‘the person who has neither parents nor child,’ ‘distant kindred,’ ‘who have no descendants or ascendants as heirs,’ ‘Kalala,’ ‘Kalala … such a one,’ ‘kalalah (- one who has neither parents left nor a child,’ ‘those who leave no descendant nor ascendant as heir,’ ‘that die childless’ and ‘Al-Kalalah (those who leave neither descendants nor ascendants as heirs’)
- اِنِ — Aiy-n…(im) — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when; when situation arises; whenever)
- امۡرُؤٌا — Im-ro-oon — A man (= n., s., Deceased; decedent; person. A/t/a, ‘a man’ and ‘it is a man’)
- هَلَكَ — Ha-la-ka — Died (= v., past., m,, s., 3rd person. Met death; passed away. A/t/a, ‘dies’ or ‘die’ but that in the present tense is not of what the Holy Qor-aan has stated in the past tense)
- لَيۡسَ — Lai-sa — No (= Absolute denial; never; not at all. A/t/a, ‘leaving no’)
- لَ — La — For (= Ref to as he has no. Concerning; regarding; relative to)
- هٗ — Hoo — Him (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Refers to aforesaid decedent)
- وَلَدٌ۬ — Wa-la-doon — A child (= Offspring. Refers to one or more sons or daughters. Some authors have translated this and the three prior words with a single word ‘childless.’ A/t/a, ‘no son’ and ‘no child’)
- وَّ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but also; more over; though; when; while; yet)
- لَ — La — For (= Concerning; regarding; relative to. Also, to; towards. A/t/a, ‘leaves (only) … (behind)’ to,’ ‘leaves behind’ and ‘he have’)
- هٗ — Hoo — Him (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Refers to aforesaid decedent)
- اُخۡتٌ — Ookh-toon — Sister (= n., Daughter of the decedent’s parents. A/t/a, ‘consanguine sister’)
- فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore)
- لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; will inherit. See also لَ / لِ above. A/t/a, ‘she shall have,’ ‘she shall inherit,’ ‘she will get’ and many other words shown in 004:012 and 004 013)
- هَا — Haa — Her (= pro., s., f., 3rd person., Refers to aforesaid ‘female.’ A/t/a, ‘hers’)
- نِصۡفُ — Nis-fo — One half (= Half; fifty percent (50%)
- مَاۤ — Maa — All that (= What; whatever; whatsoever)
- تَرَكَ — Ta-ra-ka — He left behind (= v., past., s., 3rd person. Left as inheritance for someone else to take care of. Also, abandoned; cast off; deserted; discarded; disowned; forsaken; rejected; saved, shelved or stored as a highly valuable souvenir; treated useless as derelict or redundant. A/t/a, ‘the heritage,’ ‘inheritance,’ ‘his inheritance’ and ‘his estate,’ but translating this word as a noun – or as verb, ‘leaves’ in the present tense – is inaccurate since the Holy Qor-aan has used this word as a verb in the past tense)
- وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ above)
- هُوَ — Ho-wa — He (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Him. A/t/a, ‘Her brother’ and ‘Likewise he (- the brother who is kalalah‘)
- يَرِثُ — Ya-ray-tho — Inherits (= v., pres., m., s., 3rd person. Succeeds with a share of the decedent’s inheritance, command or rule. A/t/a, ‘shall be … heir,’ ‘he would have inherited from,’ ‘shall inherit,’ ‘shall inherit her (whole property),’ ‘her brother shall be her sole heir’ and ‘her brother takes her inheritance’)
- هَا — Haa — It (= pro., s., f., 3rd person., Refers to said female decedent. A/t/a, ‘(such a deceased was) a woman’ and ‘her property’)
- اِنۡ — In…(l) — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when. See اِنۡ above)
- لَمۡ — Lum — Not (= Absolutely never; no, not at all)
- يَكُنۡ — Ya-koon … (l) — Have been (= v., pres., s., m., 3rd person., Happen to be. A/t/a, ‘left’)
- لَّ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; will inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
- هَا — Haa — It (= pro., s., f., 3rd person., Refers to aforesaid sister. A/t/a, ‘(such a deceased was) a woman’)
- وَلَدٌ۬ — Wa-la-doon — A child (= Offspring. Refers to one or more sons or daughters. A/t/a, ‘son.’ Also, this plus six earlier words were jointly translated as ‘had she died childless,’ ‘if she has no child,’ ‘if she (- the sister) has no child (and dies),’ ‘if she leaves no child’ and ‘if she dies childless’)
- فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
- اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when; whenever)
- كَانَـتَا — Kaa-na-taa — Had been two (= v., past., 2pl., f., 3rd person. Word has or had always been indicate endless continuity from the past to the present and leading into the future. A/t/a, ‘there be’ and ‘if a childless man has’)
- ٱثۡنَتَيۡنِ — (U)th-na-tai-nay — Two females (= Two persons of feminine gender; woman. A/t/a, ‘two sisters,’ ‘two (sisters),’ ‘two sisters (or more)’ and ‘two or more sisters, consanguine, or consanguine and uterine’)
- فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
- لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; will inherit. See لَ / لِ above)
- هُمَا — Ho-maa — Those two (= pro., pl., m., 3 rd person. Refers to aforesaid two sisters)
- الثُّلُثٰنِ — Tho-lo-thaa-nay — Two-thirds (= Two out of three shares of the inheritance)
- مِمَّا — Mim-maa — Out of what (= Combination of two words. The first is مِنۡ (min) that means ‘among, from or out of the class, category, kind count or several persons or things.’ The second is مَاۤ (maa) that means ‘all that, what, whatever, any time, when whenever.’ So the combination means ‘for what; out of what; concerning, regarding, relative to; thereby)
- تَرَكَ — Ta-ra-ka — He left behind (= v., past., s., 3rd person. Refers to what the deceased left for heirs as the inheritance. See تَرَكَ above. A/t/a, ‘the heritage,’ ‘he (- the brother who is kalalah,’ ‘of the inheritance,’ ‘of his estate’ and ‘inheritance between them;’ but translating this word as a noun — or as ‘he leaves’ as a verb in the present tense — is not of what the Holy Qor-aan has described in a verb in the past tense)
- وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ above)
- اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when; whenever)
- كَانُوۡۤا — Kaa-noo — Had been (= v., past., pl., m., 3rd person., Continued doing; used to; went on; were doing. A/t/a, ‘there are,’ ‘ ‘there be brethren,’ ‘the heirs be,’ ‘they (- the survivors) be’ and ‘if he have’)
- اِخۡوَةً — Ikh-wa-ton … (ray) — Siblings (= The relations consisting of both brothers and sisters. A/t/a, ‘brothers and sisters,’ ‘both brothers and sisters,’ ‘brethren — both’ and ‘brethren’)
- رِّجَالًا — Ray-jaa-lun — Men (= n., Male gender)
- وَّ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ above))
- نِسَآءً — Nay-saa-un — Women (= n., Female gender)
- فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
The construction of the following five (5) words is also in 004:013
- لِ — Lay..(iz) — For (= See لَ /لِ above. A/t/a ‘having,’ ‘unto,’ ‘shall have,’ ‘will have,’ ‘share of’ and many other words shown in 004:012 and 004 013)
- لذَّكَرِ — Za-ka-ray — The male (= n., Man; human being in masculine gender. A/t/a, ‘each male shall be that of two females’)
- مِثۡلُ — Mith-lo — Like (= Duplicate; identical in nature; just like; the same way; resembling; similar; substitute. Of the same kind, looks quality, shape or type. A/t/a, ‘as much as’ and ‘equivalent of the share of’)
- حَظِّ — Huz-z … (il) — Share (= n., Allocation; allotment; part; portion; reservation; share; slice)
- الۡاُنۡثَيَيۡنِ — Oon-tha-yai-nay — Two females (= Two persons of feminine gender; woman. A/t/a, ‘two females’ and ‘twice the share of the female’)
- يُبَيِّنُ — Yo-buy-yay-no(ol) — Explains (= v., pres., s., m., 3rd person. Clarifies; clearly states. elaborates; espouses; expounds; informs; makes things crystal clear, obvious, plain and known well; sets limits for permissible activity A/t/a, ‘doth … make clear … (His law),’ ‘makes clear,’ ‘expoundeth,’ ‘explains,’ ‘explains matters,’ ‘makes (His commandments) clear,’ ‘(Thus) does … make clear (His Law) and ‘Thus Allah makes plain … His precepts’)
- اللّٰهُ — Laa-ho — Allah (= The One and the Only One Almighty God)
- لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; will inherit. See لَ / لِ above)
- كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., 2nd person. You all men. Generally this is the way the Holy Qor-aan addresses men and women)
- اَنۡ — Un — That (= So that)
- تَضِلُّوۡا — Ta-dzil-loo — You err (= v., pres., pl., 3rd person. Loose miss; ‘Go astray,’ ‘take wrong road. A/t/a, ‘lest you err,’ ‘ye err not,’ ‘lest you go astray,’ ‘lest you should err’ and ‘may not err’)
- وَ — Wa…(ul) — And (= This vaao is tantamount to taking oath; solemn declaration)
- اللّٰهُ — Laa-ho — Allah (= The Almighty God; The only One worthy of worship)
The construction of the following four (4) words is also in 002:232
- بِ — Bay — With (= The Arabic word بِ literally means ‘with.’ A/t/A, ‘of’)
- كُلِّ — Kool-lay — Every (= All; all sorts; altogether; each and everyone; everything; in every manner; very much. Also, entirely; exceedingly; greatly, highly; totally; wholly)
- شَىۡءٍ — Shai-in — Thing (= n., s., Smallest part of any article, item, object, material, matter, things; phenomenon or stuff; to the least extent)
- عَلِيۡمٌ — Alee-m — All-Knowing (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most, and highlights that none more than Him knows, is knowing; fully acquainted; informed to the maximum. Has total and perfect knowledge. Has nothing out of sight. Knows all. Well-Aware. Most Knowledgeable. Well-Acquainted. See 001:001. A/t/a, ‘Knower’ and ‘All-Knower.’ But ‘knows … well,’ ‘hath knowledge,’ ‘has knowledge’ and ‘knows’ as a verb is no translation of what the Holy Qor-aan has stated as a noun about Allah)
