002:082

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                         002:082

بَلٰى مَنۡ كَسَبَ سَيِّئَةً وَّاَحَاطَتۡ بِهٖ خَطِيْۤـــَٔتُهٗ فَاُولٰٓٮِٕكَ اَصۡحٰبُ النَّارِ‌‌ۚ هُمۡ فِيۡهَا خٰلِدُوۡنَ

Ba-laa–mun-ka-sa-ba-suy-yay-aa-ton
Wa-aa-haa-tut-bay-he-kha-tee-aa-to-hoo
Fa-olaa-aiy-ka-us-haa-boon-naar
Hoom-fee-haa-khaa-lay-doo-n.

Yes, whoever did a bad act
And was surrounded with his sins
Then they are the inmates of the Fire.
Therein they will abide.

• بَلٰى — Ba-laa — Yes (= Aye; however; of course; indeed; nay; nevertheless; the fact is; truthfully; verily; yea; yes indeed)
• مَنۡ — Mun — Whoever (= Anyone; what; whatever; who; whom; whomever)
• كَسَبَ — Ka-sa-ba — Did (= Accumulated; accomplished; achieved; brought about; gathered; committed; completed; earned; secured sought gain; won)
• سَيِّئَةً — Suy-yay-aa-ton — A bad act  *  (= n., s., An evil, crime; error, illegality, misdeed, mistake, occurrence or wrong — done accidentally or forgetfully without much premeditated intention.   Generally used for a single unintended accidental occurrence)
• وَّ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
• اَحَاطَتۡ — Aa-haa-tut — Surrounded (= Behest on every side; circled; covered; crowded; encompassed; engrossed; engulfed; girded around; multiplied; overcome; overpowered; overwhelmed; piled up; rounded)
• بِ — Bay — With (= This word in Arabic literally means ‘with’)
• هٖ — He — It (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Here, the reference is to the bad act pinpointed by the verb كَسَبَ )
• خَطِيْۤـــَٔتُ — Kha-te-aa-to — Sins  *  (= n., pl., Multiple and repeatedly done evil acts, crimes, illegalities or sins committed with solid premeditation, firm intentions or sound determination.   Generally not used for an error or mistake occasioned accidentally, forgetfully and unintentionally)
• هٗ — Hoo — His (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Here, the reference is to the doer of the bad act pinpointed by the verb كَسَبَ )
• فَ — Fa — Then (= Consequently; as a result; so; thereafter; therefore; yet)
• اُولٰٓٮِٕكَ — Olaa-aiy-ka — They (= Aforesaid facts, persons or things. Here the reference is to aforesaid folks, people, sinner and wrong-doers)
• اَصۡحٰبُ — Us-haa-bo..(on) — Inmates (= pl., 1. Associates; companions; folks; friends; people.   2. Citizens; denizens; dwellers; families; fellows; heirs; inhabitants; inmates; live-ins; natives; occupants; occupiers; populace; population; residents; tenants.   3. Controllers; masters owners; possessors.   Often added are qualifications of’ rightfully deserving / well-deserved’)
• ٱلنَّارِ — Naa-ray — The Fire (= Anger, punishment or wrath of Allah; hell; hell fire; purgatory. The Fire of punishment. Literally, the rapid sustained reaction or source of releasing light and heat. The rule in اُولٰٓٮِٕكَ اَصۡحٰبُ النَّارِ‌‌ۚ هُمۡ فِيۡهَا خٰلِدُوۡنَ is also repeated several times including in 002:040, 002:082, 002:218, 00:258, 003:117)
• هُمۡ‌ — Hoom — They (= pro., pl., m., 3rd person. Refers to aforesaid اَصۡحٰبُ النَّارِ‌‌  ‘the inmates of fire’)
• فِىۡ — Fee — In (= Contained in or amidst a duration, event, time, place, period, thing or situation; inside. Not applicable in the context of this verse are other meanings of the word such as concerning, regarding, relative to, etc) )
• هَا — Haa — It (= pro., s., f., 3rd person., Refers to the ٱلنَّارِ, the fire)
• خٰلِدُوۡنَ — Khaa-lay-doo-n — Dwell (= n., Those abiding, living, staying or residing for a long period of Time which is unspecified. Some interpreters have incorrectly labeled this period of time to last forever.  See the Note 002:040)

* Note 002:082. This verse enumerates two kinds of wrongs. Verse 002:287 provides a prayer that pin-pointedly covers both these types.

• The first term used in verse 002:287 is  نَّسِيۡنَاۤ  (na-see-naa = we forget) and covers the mistakes described as سَيِّئَةً (suy-ye-atun) i.e., “A single bad or evil act, crime, deed, error, illegality, mistake, occurrence or wrong done accidentally or forgetfully without much premeditated intention.”
• The second term used in verse 002:287 is  اَخۡطَاۡنَا  (akh-tau-naa = our sins) and covers the sins described as خَطِيْۤـــَٔتُ (kha-te-ato) i.e., “The multiple and repeatedly done evil acts, sins, crimes, felonies or illegalities committed with solid premeditation, firm intention or sound determination.” Abraham whom God set up as the Best Exemplar [060:005] also used this word [026:083] in praying for his own forgiveness.   خطَا in Arabic is generally not used for mistakes that occur accidentally, forgetfully or unintentionally.
• Yet some translations of the word   خطَا   such as in 026:083 have stated them to be merely faults which appear to run counter to the distinction set up in the two terms used in the aforesaid payer in verse 002:287.   The fact is that both the verses 002:287 and 026:083 are prayers.   They are simple and straightforward on their own as well overwhelmingly overlap each other without any contradiction.   Therefore, any translation showing any gap in them must be taken with a pinch of salt.