True Teachings Of Islam

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                                    003:157

  يٰۤـاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا لَا تَكُوۡنُوۡا كَالَّذِيۡنَ كَفَرُوۡا وَقَالُوۡا لِاِخۡوَانِهِمۡ اِذَا ضَرَبُوۡا فِى الۡاَرۡضِ اَوۡ كَانُوۡا غُزًّى لَّوۡ كَانُوۡا عِنۡدَنَا مَا مَاتُوۡا وَمَا قُتِلُوۡا ۚ لِيَجۡعَلَ اللّٰهُ ذٰ لِكَ حَسۡرَةً فِىۡ قُلُوۡبِهِم ۡ‌ؕ وَاللّٰهُ يُحۡىٖ وَيُمِيۡتُ  ‌ؕ  وَ اللّٰهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُوۡنَ بَصِيۡرٌ‏

Ya-auy-yo-hul-la-zee-na-aa-ma-noo                                                                                                Laa-ta-koo-noo-kul-la-zee-na-ka-fa-roo                                                                                    Wa-qaa-loo-lay-ikh-waa-nay-him                                                                                                  Ezaa-dza-ra-bo-fil-ur-dzay-auo-kaa-noo-gho-zun                                                                        Lao-kaa-noo-in-da-naa-maa-maa-to-wa-maa-qo-tay-loo                                                          Lay-yuj-aa-lul-laa-ho-zaa-lay-ka-hus-ra-ton-fee-qo-oo-bay-him                                              Waul-laa-ho-yoh-yee-wa-yo-meet                                                                                                    Waul-laa-ho-bay-maa-tau-la-moo-na-ba-see-r

Listen you all who believed                                                                                                      Do not be like those who disbelieved                                                                                And said to their brethren                                                                                                  When they had travelled in the world or became conquerors                                    If they were with us, they would not died and not killed.                                             It was so that Allah makes it an anguish in their hearts.                                            By God Allah gives life and causes death.                                                                         By God Allah is the seer of all you do.

The Holy Qor-aan has used the Phrase Yaa-auy-yo-hul-la-zee-na-aa-ma-noo many times

• يٰۤ — Yaa — Listen (= Be attentive; hearken; pay attention; O!)
• اَيُّهَا — Auy-yo-ha(ul) — You all (= All addressees; entire audience; whole lot of listeners)
• ٱلَّذِينَ — Ul-la-zee-na — Those who (= pl., m, 3^rd person. Those articles, things or persons
• اٰمَنُوۡۤ — Aa-ma-noo — They Believed (= v., past., pl., 3^rd person. Believed in the Holy Qor-aan; became Moslems. Accepted, acknowledged, admitted or witnessed their entry in Iss-laam. See Commentaries like Islam – 101, Phrase Aa-ma-noo-wa-aa-may-loos … and Believe and Disbelieve that floodlight other aspects how the Holy Qor-aan has used this word)
• لَا — Laa — No, not (= Absolute denial; never; not at all; total negation)
• تَكُوۡنُوۡآ — Ta-koo-noo — You be (= v., past., pl., 2^nd person. You all become or grow to be.    This verb shows that the stated action has been happening or occurring since the past or present and will go on continuing into the future)
• كَ — Ka…(ul) — Like (= Identical; resembling; similar to the one stated in prior verse to. Take the example or similitude of)
• ٱلَّذِينَ — Ul-la-zee-na — Those who (= pl., m, 3^rd person. Refers to those in masculine gender that include all articles, things, persons or phenomenon)
• كَفَرُوۡا — Ka-fa-roo — Disbelieved (= v., past, pl., 3^rd person. Denied, refused and rejected the Faith and belief in Allah, the Holy Qor-aan, Islam and become Moslem. See more meanings in the Note 002:007)
• وَ — Wa– And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but; also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
• قَا لُوۡا — Qaa-loo — They said (= v., past, pl., m; 3rd person: All those men alleged;   announced; argued; asserted; broadcast; called out; challenged; claimed; contended; conveyed; declared; insisted; maintained; objected; persisted; professed; protested; stated; submitted; suggested; told)
• لِ — Lay — For (= Belongs to; for the benefit, object, purpose or reason. Also, concerning, regarding; relative to; intended for)
• اِخۡوَانِ — Ikh-waa-nay — Brethren (= n., pl., Those in the extended family of a community who are like brothers and sisters)
• هِمۡ —  Him — Their (= pro., pl., m., 3 ^rd person. Refer to the disbelievers)
• اِذَاۤ — Ezaa — When (= Any time or event; behold; call to mind, consider; recall; ponder over; reflect; remember or think of the time, event, now that; occasion, opportunity; take into consideration; whenever)
• ضَرَبُوۡا — Dza-ra-boo — Travelled (= v., past., pl., 3^rd person., Fought in a battle; gone out; moved around; struck. See Note 003:157 why in the present context the word means journeyed or travelled. A/t/a, as ‘went’ which is a verb in the present tense. But improperly translated in the present tense is ‘they are traveling (t)hrough the earth,’ ‘meet death abroad or in battle,’ ‘to go about in the land,’ ‘go forth to war’ and ‘they travel in earth’)
• فِى — F(il) — On (= In the instant case stating ‘On earth’ is more appropriate [See Note at 002:028] to convey in English the intent of original text. Literally amidst, among, contained or in a duration, event, time, place, period, thing or situation)
• الۡاَرۡضِ –Ur-dzay — The world (= Area; country; earth; ground; land; territory)
• اَوۡ — Auo — Or (= Alternatively; in substitution
• كَانُوۡا — Kaa-noo — They were (= v., past., pl., m., 3^rd person., Continuously had been; used to; were, went on doing. This verb and its 14 grammatical variations indicate an act’s continuity from the past to the present and leading into the future)
• غُزًّى — Ghooz-za — Conquerors (= n., pl., Victorious of a battle, veterans; winners; who won a war. The correct translation will include the nouns as   in survivors and winners of a battle. But it is incorrect to say in a past tense verb as ‘engaged in fighting’ and ‘engaged in battle,’ or in a present tense verb  as ‘engage in fighting,’ ‘go forth to war,’ ‘go forth to war, in the cause of Allah,’ ‘go forth on any campaign (and fall martyrs),’ ‘fighting in the field’ and ‘meet death abroad in battle’)
• لَّوۡ — Lao — If (= In case; under the circumstances)
• كَانُوۡا — Kaa-noo — They were  (= v., past., pl., m., 3^rd person., Continuously had been See كَانُوۡا  above)
• عِنۡدَ– In-da — Near (= At; close at hand; from; in; in close proximity of; with. In the counting, esteem; estimate, eyes, front, near or presence of. Within the presence, precincts, seeing or sight of. A/t/a, remained; stayed; bided)
• نَآ — Naa — Us (= pro., pl., 1^st person. Us. Used with God’s name it is the authoritative way a higher-up talks to a subordinate)
• مَاۤ — Maa — Not (= Absolutely not. Any time; time; when; whenever)
• مَاتُوۡا — Maa-too — They died (= v., past. ,pl., 3^rd person., Breathed their last; expired; passed away. The Holy Qor-aan used this word in the past tense; so it is inaccurate to translate it in the present tense as ‘die‘. See our Commentary titled as ‘Preciseness Hallmark of the Arabic)
• وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but; also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
• مَاۤ — Maa — Not (= Absolutely not. Any time; time; when; whenever)
• قُتِلُوۡا — Qo-tay-loo — Killed (= v., pass., s., f., 3rd person., Deprived of life; destroyed; murdered; slain)
• لِ — Lay — It was so that   (= For. This was done for the purpose or reason; intending, concerning, regarding; relative to; with the object of)
• يَجۡعَلَ — Yuj-aa-la…(ul) — Makes (= v., pres., s., 3^rd person. Appoints; brings out, causes, converts, creates; directs, grants, makes, places, renders, sets up; turns up; wills. See Note 002:031)
• اللّٰهُ — Laa-ho — Allah (= The Almighty God; The only One worthy of worship)
• ذٰ لِكَ — Zaa-lay-ka — All this (= All things mentioned, shown, specified stated or told)
• حَسۡرَةً — Hus-ra-ton — Anguish (= n., Feeling of guilt, shame. regret; remorse sorrow.  Pain from an unfilled desire. Sadness. A/t/a, cause of ‘sighs  and regrets,’ ’cause of intense regret in their hearts’ and ‘Allah will cause them to regret their words’)
• فِىۡ — Fee — In (= Contained or inside a place. See فِىۡ  above)
• قُلُوۡبِ —  Qo-loo–bay — Hearts (= n., pl., 1. The central organ inside the chest of all living creatures that keeps up the supply of blood to every tissue by pumping blood constantly through veins and controls all body parts and directs all their functions. 2. Mind; inner soul; ability to think, choose, decide and act in an appropriate manner both physically and spiritually; understanding. The word here refers to the hidden thoughts locked inside human breasts, bosoms, chests, minds, souls and understanding)
• هِمۡ — Him — Their (= pro., pl., m., 3 ^rd person. Refer to the disbelievers)
• وَ — Wa…(ul) — And (= This vaao is tantamount to taking oath; solemn declaration or calling as a witness. Normally a Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; also; and; but; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
• اللّٰهُ — Laa-ho — Allah (= The Almighty God; The only One worthy of worship)
• يُحۡىٖ  — Yoh-yee — Gives life (= v., pres., s., 3^rd person. Brings to life; creates; enlivens;  gives, ordains or quickens to life; preserve alive; raises  or restores life to those considered dead; revives)
• وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but; also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
• يُمِيتُ — Yo-me-to — Causes death (= v., pres., s., 3^rd person. Brings or ordains death; ends life; gives death; kills; renders lifeless)
• وَ — Wa…(ul) — And (= This vaao is tantamount to taking oath; solemn declaration or calling as a witness. Normally a Conj., See this وَ  above)

Allah’s following attribute is stated in 002:111, 002:234, 003:157, 064:003, etc.

• اللّٰهُ — Laa-ho — Allah (= The Almighty God; The only One worthy of worship)
• بِمَا — Bay-maa — Of all that (= Combination of two words. بِ  means ‘with / in’ and مَاۤ   means ‘all that, whatever, whatsoever or whenever.’ The combination بِمَا  (bay-maa) means ‘because of; on account of; for the reason; due to; with / in all that)
• تَعۡمَلُوۡنَ — Tau-ma-loo-na — You do (= v., pres., pl., 2^nd person. Act; perform; practice. It is not accurate to translate this word as a noun as in ‘all your actions’)
• بَصِيۡرٌ — Ba-see-r — Seer (= n., superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most. and highlights that none sees more than Him. All-seeing. Mindful. Observer On the lookout. One who looks after. One who sees real well. One who takes full  cognizance. One who has full knowledge. Overseer. Top-seer. Watch. Watchful. It is inaccurate to translate this noun into a verb saying ‘Allah sees well’)

** Note 003:157. The words derived from a root in the Arabic language are in several categories. Fourteen (14) derivates are verbs in the present tense. Another twenty-eight (28) are verbs in the future tense by adding the pre-fixes of س or سوف. Many dozens of words are formed as adverbs, adjectives, and nouns in different forms called the Ubwab.( ابواب ). Following is an example of the derivates from the root ض ر ب as verbs in the past tense

Person   !         Gender            !   Singular       !    2-Plural      !   Plural (3 or more)

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Third     !         Masculine        !      ضَرَ بَ        !           ضَرَبَا       !         ضَرَبُوۡا

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Third     !          Feminine         !      ضَرَبَتۡ        !           ضَرَبَتا    !           ضَرَبۡنَ

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Second  !         Masculine        !      ضَرَبۡتَ        !           ضَرَبۡتُما  !           ضَرَبۡتُمۡ

————————————————————————————————-

Second    !         Feminine         !        ضَرَبۡتِ      !           ضَرَبۡتُما  !           ضَرَبۡتُّنَ

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First        !        Mas + Fem      !     ضَرَبۡتُ         !           ضَرَبۡنَآ    !           ضَرَبۡنَآ

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The meanings of all derivates from the root ض ر ب include beating, fighting, hitting and striking. But in colloquial expressions a different concept is developed when joined with another word. For example, the past tense derivate ضَر بَ (pronounced as dza-ra-ba that means struck) if used  as in verse 003:157 with the phrase  فِى الۡاَرۡضِ (pronounced as fil-ur-dzay that means in the earth, land or world) would literally mean that he struck (or put his foot out from home) into the world but as a colloquial expression it means he went on a journey or travelled in the world.