002:178

Posted on January 31, 2016 by Abid

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                              002:178

 

لَيۡسَ الۡبِرَّ اَنۡ تُوَلُّوۡا وُجُوۡهَكُمۡ قِبَلَ الۡمَشۡرِقِ وَ الۡمَغۡرِبِ وَلٰـكِنَّ الۡبِرَّ مَنۡ اٰمَنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَالۡيَوۡمِ الۡاٰخِرِ وَالۡمَلٰٓٮِٕکَةِ وَالۡكِتٰبِ وَالنَّبِيّٖنَ‌ۚ وَاٰتَى الۡمَالَ عَلٰى حُبِّهٖ ذَوِى الۡقُرۡبٰى وَالۡيَتٰمٰى وَالۡمَسٰكِيۡنَ وَابۡنَ السَّبِيۡلِۙ وَالسَّآٮِٕلِيۡنَ وَفِى الرِّقَابِ‌ۚ وَاَقَامَ الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتَى الزَّکٰوةَ ‌ ۚ  وَالۡمُوۡفُوۡنَ بِعَهۡدِهِمۡ اِذَا عٰهَدُوۡا ۚ وَالصّٰبِرِيۡنَ فِى الۡبَاۡسَآءِ وَالضَّرَّآءِ وَحِيۡنَ الۡبَاۡسِؕ اُولٰٓٮِٕكَ الَّذِيۡنَ صَدَقُوۡا ؕ وَاُولٰٓٮِٕكَ هُمُ الۡمُتَّقُوۡنَ‏

 

Lai-sul-bir-ra-un-to-wul-loo-wo-joo-ha-koom
Qay-ba-lul-mush-ray-qay-wul-mugh-ray-bay
Wa-laa-kin-nul-bir-ra-mun-aa-ma-na-bil-laa-hay
Wul-yao-mil-aa-khay-ray-wul-ma-laa-aiy-ka-tay
Wul-kay-taa-bay-wun-na-be-yee-na

Wa-aa-tul-maa-la-alaa-hoob-bay-he
Za-wil-qoor-baa-wul-ya-taa-maa
Wul-ma-saa-kee-na-wub-nus-sa-bee-lay
Wus-saa-aiy-lee-na-wa-fer-ra-qaa-bay
Wa-aqaa-mus-sa-laa-ta-wa-aa-tuz-kaa-ta

Wul-moo-foo-na-bay-ah-day-him-ezaa-aa-ha-do
Wus-saa-be-ree-na-fil-bau-saa-aiy-wudz-dzraa-aiy
Wa-he-nul-bau-thay.
Olaa-aiy-kul-la-zee-na-sa-da-qoo
Wa-olaa-aiy-ka-ho-mool-moot-ta-qoon.

 

It is no virtue that you turned your faces
Towards the East or West.
But the virtue is for him who believed in Allah
And the Judgment Day and the angels
And the Book and the Prophets.

And gave wealth despite love for Him it
To the close relations and the orphans
And the poor and the (son of the road =) wayfarer
And those who ask for help and those in restraints
And established the prayer and brought about the purification.

And the fillers of their contracts when they have made
And those persevering in adversity and affliction
And during the situation of extreme distress.
All of them are who told the truth fully
All of them are the righteous really.

 

  • لَـيۡسَ  — Lai-sa…(ul)  — No  (= Never; no; not all; absolute negation)
  • الۡبِرَّ  — Bir-ra — Virtue —  (= All acts done in order to please the Almighty God.    Doing good deeds; good character; noble action; piety; righteousness; virtuous conduct in all acts of obedience
  • اَنۡ — Un — That (= Since; so that; for the purpose)
  • تُوَلُّوۡا — To-wul-loo — You turned (= v., past, pl., 2nd person.,  Changed into a different direction. Faced or turned from one side to another. See also the  Note 003:064)
  • وُجُوۡهَ — Wo-joo-ha — Faces (= n. pl., Faces; the front part of human body above neck and below head including the forehead, nose, cheeks and chin. See Note 004:126)
  • کُمۡ — Koom —  You  (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. The Holy Qor-aan states this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • قِبَلَ  — Qay-ba-la..(ul) — Towards (= Facing; in the direction; to)
  • الۡمَشۡرِقِ  — Mush-ray-qay — The East (= Eastern direction; The direction from where sun rises)
  • وَ  — Wa…(ul) — And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but; also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
  • الۡمَغۡرِبِ   — Mugh-ray-bay — The West — (= Western direction; The direction in which sun sets)
  • وَ  — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • لٰـكِنَّ — La-kin-na..(ul) — But (= However; instead; nevertheless; yet)
  • الۡبِرَّ — Bir-ra — The virtue (= Doing good deeds; good character.  See الۡبِرَّ  above)
  • مَنۡ —  Mun — Who –(= Anyone; whoever; whom; whomever; whoso)
  • اٰمَنَ — Aa-ma-na — Believed  (= v., s.,  He had sincerely, totally and wholeheartedly    believed in the Holy Qor-aan and accepted Islam.   2.   Admitted, affirmed, approved, confirmed, concurred  corroborated, embraced, entered, evidenced, proved,  testified and witnessed to have become Moslems)
  • بِ  — B…(il) — With (= The Arabic word  بِ  literally means ‘with’ in English
  • اللّٰهِ — Alla-hay — Allah (= The Almighty God; The only One worthy of worship)
  • وَ  — Wa…(ul) — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡيَوۡمِ — Yao-m…(il) — The Day (= s., Juncture; period, term or time that comes to an end)
  • الۡاٰخِرِ — Aaa-khay-ray — Later (= Coming; end; last; yet to come.   Since the word الۡيَوۡم means ‘day’ and الۡاٰخِرِ   means ‘Hereafter’, ‘yet to come’, the joined two-worded phrase الۡيَوۡمِ الۡاٰخِرِ means ‘The End  Day, The Judgment Day; The Resurrection’)
  • وَ  — Wa…(ul) — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡمَلٰٓٮِٕكَةِ — Ma-laa-aiy-ka-tay — The Angels (= The immortal beings in attendance of God Almighty;  a kind, loving and lovable person)
  • وَ — Wa…(ul) –And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • لۡكِتٰبِ — Ul-Kay-taa-bay — The Book  (= 1.  The Divine Directive of Commands, Prohibitions,   Rules and Regulations. Holy Scripture. Testament that holds good and is operative eternally. Decreed part of a  religion. Spiritual Code codifying Rules of universal  application.  2.  The Collection of mandated, ordered,  prescribed, preserved, recorded, written do’s and don’ts.   3.  Authentic penned down material in black and white)
  • وَ — Wa…(un) — And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • النَّبِيّٖنَ — Na-be-yee-na — Prophets (= n., pl., GOD’s messengers who receive revelations from Him and tell them to people as a new thing or news)
  • وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • اٰتَي — Aa-ta…(ul) — Gave (= v. s., Awarded; bestowed; blessed; conferred; gave;  donated; entrusted; gifted; granted; handed down; paid; presented.   This Command has provided man the real Key to Peace)
  • الۡمَالَ  — Ul-maa-la — Wealth  (= s., Affluence; assets, gains, good; money, property; riches; resources; substance; valuables. Much wider meanings come up by seeing this word as combination  of two words.  First word مَاۤ  means ‘all that, whatever or whatsoever.  Second word لَ means ‘for the benefit,  purpose or reason.  Combined the two-worded phrase  means ‘all and everything that a person owns’)
  • عَلٰى — Alaa — Despite (= Against; before; during; for; on top of; over; to; upon. A/t/a incurs, obligates, subjects himself to or takes on)
  • حُبِّ — Hoob-bay — Love (= Attachment; deep connection; cherished wealth)
  • هٖ — He — It (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Various translations referred   this pronoun to the following different persons.  [1]   God Almighty in whose love the money is given.  [2]  Owner of the wealth who loves it.   [3]   The wealth which the owner loves very much.  [4]    The recipient of the charity who gets it.   [5]   “Love of God, notwithstanding love for money” – Malik Ghulam Farid)

{The next 9 words are also used in verse 004:037}

  • ذَوِى — Za-we..(il) — Of  (= Bestowed with; master, of, owner; possessor)
  • الۡقُرۡبٰى — Zil-qoor-baa — Close relations (= Near; near kin; kindred; kinsfolk, relations or relatives.   Combination of two words. The first ذِى (zee) or ذ و (zoo) or ذَوِى (za-we) means ‘master, of, owner; possessor.’  The second قُرۡبٰى (qoor-baa) means closeness.  Jointly  thus the combination ذَوِى الۡقُرۡبٰى refers to close relatives.  Kinsfolk. Near of kin)
  • وَ — Wa…(ul) — And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡيَتٰمٰى — Ya-ta-maa — The orphans (= n., pl., Kids with no parent; Children without one or both parents. Generally refers to the helpless children who are destitute)
  • وَ —  Wa…(ul) — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡمَسٰكِيۡنَ — Ma-saa-kee-na — The poor (= n., s., Abjectly poor; destitute; homeless; hungry with  no food to eat; one of the have-nots; unable to fend for themselves)
  • وَ — Wa…(ub) — And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • ابۡنَ — Ub-n…(us) — Son of (= s., Combined with the word that follows, it means a wayfarer; on a journey; traveler)
  • السَّبِيۡلِ — Sa-bee-lay– Road (= Highway, passage, path, road, route or way)
  • وَ — Wa…(us) — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • السَّآٮِٕلِيۡنَ — Saa-aiy-lee-na — Those who ask  (= pl., 1. In a very limited and narrow sense, the beggars, needy or poor who ask for financial help because of some necessity which can’t be met in any other way.  2.  In a much broader sense, all applicants, petitioners or  requestors who solicit for anything – legal help, money,   job, business opportunity, medical treatment, favor, or any other kind of need)
  • وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • فِىۡ — Fe…(r) — In (= 1. Contained inside a duration, time, place, period, thing  or situation. 2.  In matters of, regarding or relative to  arranging redemption,   paying ransom, procuring freedom or setting free slaves, captives and prisoners)
  • الرِّقَابِ —  Ray-qaa-bay — Restraints (= Chains.  Ref is to the compensation or ransom demanded to set free the captive, imprisoned, incarcerated, jailed, prisoner or yoked in slavery. Ransoming of slaves)

The Holy Qor-aan has repeated several times the Command in next six (6) words

  • وَ — Wa —  And (= Conj., Connects words, phrases or clauses; also; but; additionally; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
  • اَقَامَ — Aqaa–ma.(us) — Established * (= v., past., pl., 2nd person. Attended to. Were steadfast. Complied fully with all dictates of all prayers. Performed with regularity. Observed properly)
  • الصَّلٰوةِ —  Sua-laa-ta — The prayer (= n., This worship consists of daily payers numbering five as mandated and two more optionally. It is praying night and day, all the time in all things done [003:192], with full attention and focused mind, abjectly beseeching and supplicating. This Command to the Israelites [002:044 and 002:084] was later mandated for the Moslems [002:111] as well)
  • وَ — Wa —  And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • اٰتَي — Aa-ta…(uz)  — Brought about (= v., past., pl., 2nd person. Awarded. Conferred.  Contributed. Delivered. Distributed. Donated. Gave. Granted. Handed over. Laid out. Paid. Practiced. Presented. Remit. This Command  has provided man the real Key to Peace)
  • الزَّكٰوةَ — Za-kaa-ta — Purification (= Alms. Alms-tax. Alms that purify. Charity. Donation. Portion of income paid as alms or tithes to purify earnings and soul. Poor due. Poor-rate. Purification. The amount invested in the causes of Allah, to make  earnings grow and to reap greater rewards in the future and Hereafter. See Commentary titled as Islam 104 – 5 Acts of worships)
  • وَ — Wa…(ul) — And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡمُوۡفُوۡنَ — Moo-foo-na — Fillers (= n., pl., Those who carry out, complete, fulfill or honor)
  • بِ — Bay — With (= The Arabic word  بِ  literally means ‘with’)
  • عَهۡدِ — Ah-day — Contract (= n., Agreement; commitment; covenant; pledge promise; A binding, firm, serious or solemn affirmation, assurance, confirmation, undertaking or ratification)
  • هِمۡ — Him — Their   (= pro., pl., m., 3rd person. Refers to aforesaid ‘promisor’.  Here is one example of how a pronoun for 3rd person has been translated as ‘ye’ which is meant for an addressee in 2nd person – A Yusuf Ali)
  • اِذَا — Ezaa — When (= Any time, event, occasion or opportunity; whenever)
  • عٰهَدُوۡا — Aaa-ha-do — They made (= v., Affirmed; agreed; confirmed; contracted; entered;  pledged; promised; ratified; solemnly undertook; verified)
  • وَ — Wa…(us)– And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الصّٰبِرِيۡنَ — Saa-bay-ree-na — Persevering  (= n., Consistent; constant; insistent; patient; persistent;  pursuant; steadfast; those who patiently persevere with   continuity, endurance, fortitude and regular repetitions  and show above characteristics with no failing, flailing  falling or faltering; unwavering.  Patient in tribulation  and adversity and time of stress)
  • فِىۡ — Fee…(l) — In (= Amidst or inside a duration, event, time, place, period, thing or situation)
  • الۡبَاۡسَآءِ — Bau-saa-aiy — Adversity (= n., Deprivation; destitution, homelessness, indigence, insolvency, poverty, penury, etc. See Note 002:215)
  • وَ — Wa…(udz) — And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الضَّرَّآءِ  — Dzur-raa-aiy — Affliction (= n., Ailment, calamity, disease, distress, hurt, illness, injury, pain, sickness, suffering or weakness due to a disability, infirmity or other perilous situations. See Note 002:215)
  • وَ — Wa — And — (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • حِيۡنَ — Hee-na…(ul) — During (= All the way through; in the period; throughout)
  • الۡبَاۡسِ — Bau-say — Distress (= n., Anguish; anxiety; apprehension; disquiet; distress; fear; fretfulness; nervousness; unease; worry. Extreme anger or wrath. Also describes a moment of extreme discomfort and uncontrollable physical pain usually resulting in very fast heartbeats and palpitation. A/t/a,  Times of a battle, conflict or war. Agitated panic that  accrues usually in a battle when situation tilts heavily  in favor of the enemy or opposing forces)
  • اُولٰٓٮِٕكَ  — Olaa-aiy-ka..(ul) — All of them (= Aforesaid facts, persons or things.  Such are. Here the reference is to aforesaid folks, people)
  • ٱلَّذِينَ — Ul-la-zee-na –Those who (= pl., m, 3rd person. All those articles, things or persons)
  • صَدَقُوۡا  — Sa-da-qoo — Told the truth (= v., pl., Accepted, believed, confirmed; declared, proved, fulfilled, maintained, supported, testified or sincerely,  totally and whole-heartedly upheld the truth; told the truth; were truthful)
  • وَ — Wa — And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • اُولٰٓٮِٕكَ — Olaa-aiy-ka — All (= Aforesaid facts, persons or things. Such are. Here the   reference is to aforesaid folks, people)
  • هُمُ — Ho-mo..(ol) –Them (= pro., pl., m., 3rd person. Refers to aforesaid sincere ones)
  • الۡمُتَّقُوۡنَ — Moot-ta-qoo-n — Righteous (= n., Clean; pious; doers of duty owed to God Almighty.  God-Fearing. Noble. Pious. Righteous. Virtuous. Who ‘avoid angering Allah’ earnestly.   See the Commentary ‘The Righteous’)        

 

**Note 002:178.    The divine mandate is to take care of some under-privileged segments of the society.    The fortunate who have utilized time, money and energy to produce results are told to spread the word.    Some have-nots  ذَوِى الۡقُرۡبٰى وَالۡيَتٰمٰى وَالۡمَسٰكِيۡنَ وَابۡنَ السَّبِيۡل  have been made the responsibility of those who have been blessed with aforesaid means.  The rich are mandated to share some of their blessings with the less fortunate.  In its verses including the following the Holy Qor-aan has named four such ways of sharing, i.e., Causes of God, Qur-zay-Husna, Sud-qa or Zakaat.                                                                 002:084 enumerates them as a part of the Covenant assigned to the Children of Israel. 002:178 counts them as the virtues that man must practice even thousands years later. 002:216 states them as the duties of all men who are the residents of one human village. Chapter 092 lays out a plan for economic success all can climb – as a ladder, step by step. Individually each above-mentioned act produces a lot of good.  Collectively they all are destined to uplift the whole society.  Islaam is the one-word that reflects all these virtues of Humanism.

 

Reproduced below is the Note 002:044.

* Note 002:044.   The Holy Qor-aan has repeated this particular direction to the mankind very frequently.   It is stated in 2nd person format ‘you’ اَقِيۡمُوا الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتُوا الزَّكٰوةَ and in 3rd person ‘they’ to  اَقَامَ الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتَى الزَّکٰوةَ.   It means to Establish and observe regularly the Prayers and pay / bring about the Purification, Zakaat.   It is stated among others in the verses 002:044, 002:084, 002:111, 002:178, 002:278, 022:079, 073:021.   It is reiterated in essence among others in the verses 005:056, 009:011, 009:071, 019:056, 098:006.   Its significance is that man must express his love for God and fellow beings by these physical actions.   The direction underscores why the Arabic word for man is  اِنۡسَا ن  (In-saan) meaning ‘One with two loves.’

 

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