True Teachings Of Islam

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                              004:013

 وَلَـكُمۡ نِصۡفُ مَا تَرَكَ اَزۡوَاجُكُمۡ اِنۡ لَّمۡ يَكُنۡ لَّهُنَّ وَلَدٌ ۚ   فَاِنۡ كَانَ لَهُنَّ وَلَدٌ فَلَـكُمُ الرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكۡنَ‌ مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُّوۡصِيۡنَ بِهَاۤ اَوۡ دَ يۡنٍ‌ ؕ  وَلَهُنَّ الرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكۡتُمۡ اِنۡ لَّمۡ يَكُنۡ لَّكُمۡ وَلَدٌ ۚ فَاِنۡ كَانَ لَـكُمۡ وَلَدٌ فَلَهُنَّ الثُّمُنُ مِمَّا تَرَكۡتُمۡ‌ مِّنۡۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٍ تُوۡصُوۡنَ بِهَاۤ اَوۡ دَ يۡنٍ‌ ؕ  وَاِنۡ كَانَ رَجُلٌ يُّوۡرَثُ كَلٰلَةً اَوِ امۡرَاَةٌ وَّلَهٗۤ اَخٌ اَوۡ اُخۡتٌ فَلِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنۡهُمَا السُّدُسُ‌ ۚ  فَاِنۡ كَانُوۡۤا اَكۡثَرَ مِنۡ ذٰ لِكَ فَهُمۡ شُرَكَآءُ فِى الثُّلُثِ مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُّوۡصٰى بِهَاۤ اَوۡ دَ يۡنٍ ۙ غَيۡرَ مُضَآرٍّ‌ ۚ وَصِيَّةً مِّنَ اللّٰهِ‌ ؕ  وَاللّٰهُ عَلِيۡمٌ حَلِيۡمٌ ؕ‏   

Wa-la-koom-nis-fo-maa-ta-ra-ka-uz-waa-jo-koom                                                                      In-lum-ya-koom-la-hoon-na-wa-la-doon                                                                                          Fa-in-kaa-na-la-hoon-na-wa-la-doon                                                                                                Fa-la-ko-moor-ro-bo-o-mim-maa-ta-ruk-na                                                                                    Min-bau-day-wa-see-ya-tin-yoo-see-na-bay-haa-auo-dai-n

Wa-la-hoon-nur-ro-bo-o-mim-maa-ta-ruk-toom                                                                            In-lum-ya-koon-la-koom-wa-la-doon                                                                                                Fa-in-kaa-na-la-koom-wa-la-doon                                                                                                    Fa-la-hoon-nuth-tho-mo-no-mim-maa-ta-ruk-toom                                                                      Min-bau-day-wa-see-ya-tin-too-soo-na-bay-haa-auo-dai-n

Wa-in-kaa-na-ra-jo-loon-yoo-ra-tho                                                                                                  Ka-laa-la-ton-aa-wim-ra-aa-toon                                                                                                      Wa-la-hoo-aa-khoom-auo-ookh-toon                                                                                                Fa-lay-kool-lay-waa-hay-din-min-ho-moos-so-do-so

Fa-in-kaa-noo-uk-tha-ro-min-zaa-lay-ka                                                                                        Fa-hoom-sho-ra-kaa-o-fith-tho-lo-thay                                                                                            Min-bau-day-wa-see-ya-tin-yoo-saa-bay-haa-auo-dai-n                                                            Ghai-ra-mo-dzaar-rin

Wa-se-ya-tum-may-nul-laa-hay                                                                                                        Wul-laa-ho-alee-moon-ha-lee-m

And for you is one-half of what your wives left                                                                If there has been no child for them.                                                                                    But if there was a child for them                                                                                      Then for you is one-fourth out of what they left                                                                After a will they bequeath or debt.

And for them is one-fourth of what you left                                                                        If there have been no child for you.                                                                                  But if there was a child for you                                                                                          Then for them is one-eighth out of what you left                                                              After a will you bequeath or debt. 

And if the man, or a woman, being inherited is                                                          Without a parent, progeny or partner in life as a spouse                                        And he has a brother or sister                                                                                                  Then everyone of those two will get one-sixth.

But if they be more than that                                                                                                Then they are equal partners in the one-third                                                                  After a will is bequeathed or debt                                                                                    Without causing loss to anyone.

This is a Command from Allah                                                                                                And by God He is All-Knowing, All-Forbearing

• وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but; also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
• لَ — La — For (= This word used 21 times in verses 004:012 & 004:013 also means concerning, for the benefit of, intended for, to and towards. Various authors have also translated it as ‘appertaineth,’ ‘belongeth,’ ‘belongs,’ ‘has,’ ‘have,’ ‘share of inheritance,’ ‘theirs,’ ‘their share,’ ‘shall inherit’ and ‘will get, have or inherit’)
• كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person., You . The Holy Qor-aan states that way when addressing both men and women jointly)
• نِصۡفُ — Nis-fo — One half (= Half of; fifty percent; 50%)
• مَاۤ — Maa — All that (= What; whatever; whatsoever; at such time; when; whenever)
• تَرَكَ — Ta-ra-ka –Left (= v., past., s., 3^rd person. Left as inheritance. Passed on. Saved, shelved or stored something as highly valuable. Some translations include ‘he (- the deceased) has left’ and ‘the deceased should leave.’ But inaccurate translations of this verb include the legacy or inheritance which are nouns, and those like ‘what the deceased leaves’ or ‘leave’ which are in the present tense whereas the Holy Qor-aan has used the verb in the past tense)
• اَزۡوَاجٌ — Uz-waa-jo — Wives (= n., pl., (s: زۡوجٌ ) Mates. Spouses. The word also means  associates; close relations; companions
• كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person. You. See  كُمۡ  above)
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when; whenever)
• لَمۡ — Lum — Not (= Absolutely never; no, not at all)
• يَكُنۡ — Ya-koon — Has been (= v., pres., s., 3^rd person. Continued doing; had been;  used to; were, went on doing. This verb and its 14 grammatical variations indicate an act’s continuity from the past to the present)
• لَّ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• هُنَّ — Hoon-na — Them  (= pl, f, in 3^rd person. Refers to decedent wives)
• وَلَدٌ۬‌ — Wa-la-doon — Child (= n., Literally a boy, a male child, a son. Also, as issue;  offspring. The preceding four words and this fifth one have been jointly translated as ‘childless’)
• فَ — Fa — But (= Hence; so;  then; thus; therefore. A/t/a, ‘But’ [aya] )
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when; whenever)
• كَانَ — Kaa-na — Has been (= v., past., s., m., 3^rd person., Had been. See يَكُنۡ  above)
• لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• هُنَّ — Hoon-na — Them (= pro., pl, f, in 3^rd person. Refers to decedent wives)
• وَلَدٌ۬‌ — Wa-la-doon — Child (= n., Literally a boy, a male child, a son. See وَلَدٌ۬‌ above)
• فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• كُمُ — Ko-mo(or) — You (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person. You. See  كُمۡ  above)
• الرُّبُعُ — Ro-bo-o — One-fourth (= One quarter; one of the four parts, portions or shares of inheritance. A/t/a, ‘a quarter’ and ‘the fourth’)
• مِمَّا — Mim-maa — Out of what (= Combination of two words.  The first is  مِنۡ (min) that means ‘among, from or out of the class, category, kind or count of several persons or things.’  The second is  مَاۤ (maa) that means ‘all that, what, whatever, any time, when whenever.’  So the combination means ‘for what; out of what; concerning, regarding, relative to; thereby)
• تَرَكۡنَ‌ — Ta-ruk-na — They left (= v., past., f., pl., 3^rd person. Refers to what the deceased  left for heirs as the inheritance. This word is for female plural of تَرَكَ mentioned above which is for the single male)
• مِنۡ — Min — From (= Among, from or out of the class, category, kind or count of several persons or things)
• بَعۡدِ — Bau-day — After (= Behind; later; subsequent to; succeeding. A/t/a, ‘after payment of legacies,’ ‘legacy,’ ‘after  (payment of) any,’ ‘after the payment of’ and ‘after (the payment of)’)
• وَصِيَّةٍ — Wa-see-aa-tin — Will (= n., s., f gender. Action to bequeath; bequest; binding injunction regarding the decedent’s assets; direction by the decedent to take effect after his death; testamentary disposition. Some authors added the word ‘payment’ after using the plural as ‘legacies’ which is inaccurate because the Holy Qor-aan has used this word in the singular as a bequest, will or ‘estate’)
• يُّوۡصِيۡنَ — Yoo -see-na — They bequeath (= v., pres., f., 3^rd person. The bequest your widows make. A/t/a ‘they may have bequeathed’ and ‘made by them’ are inaccurate as they have used the verb in the past tense whereas the Holy Qor-aan has used the verb in present tense. Notice the precision put in the meanings by using appropriate form of verb in ‘they bequeath,’ ‘you bequeath’ and the passive voice ‘is bequeathed’)
• بِ — Bay — With (= Literally the word  بِ  means ‘with’)
• هَا —  Haa — It (= pro., s., f., 3^rd person., Refers to aforesaid ‘will’)
• اَوۡ — Auo — Or (= Alternatively; in substitution)
• دَيۡنٍ‌ — Dain — Debt (= n., Amount borrowed; loan. A/t/a, ‘debt (they may have contracted, hath been paid)’ and ‘(still more important) of any (of their) debt.’ This word is singular but was translated in plural)
• وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
• لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• هُنَّ — Hoon-na(ur) — Them (= pro., pl, f, in 3^rd person. Refers to your widows)
• الرُّبُعُ — Ro-bo-oo — One-fourth (= One quarter; one of the four parts, portions or shares of inheritance)
• مِمَّا — Mim-maa — Out of what (= Combination of two words. مِنۡ (min) and  مَاۤ   (maa).  See مِمَّا above meaning ‘for what; out of what; regarding)
• تَرَكۡ — Ta-ruk — Left (= v., past., pl., 2^nd person. Refers to what the deceased left   for heirs as the inheritance. See تَرَكَ above)
• تُمۡ — Toom — You men (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person. You. Refers to the husbands)
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when; when situation arises; whenever)
• لَمۡ — Lum  — Not (= Absolutely never; no, not at all)
• يَكُنۡ — Ya-koon — Has been (= v., pass., s., m., 3^rd person., Continuously had been; used to; were, went on doing. See يَكُنۡ  above)
• لَّ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person. You. See  كُمۡ  above)
• وَلَدٌ۬‌ — Wa-la-doon — Child (= n., Literally a boy, a male child, a son. See وَلَدٌ۬‌ above)
• فَ — Fa — But (= After this; hence; so; then; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when. See اِنۡ above)
• كَانَ — Kaa-na — Has been (= v., past., s., m., 3^rd person., Continued doing; had been; used to; were, went on doing. See كَانَ above)
• لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• كُمۡ — Koom — You men (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person. You. Refers to the husbands)
• وَلَدٌ۬‌ — Wa-la-doon — Child (= n., Literally a boy, a male child, a son. See وَلَدٌ۬‌ above)
• فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• لَ — La — For (= Concerning; regarding; for the person. A/t/a, ‘she gets’ and ‘they shall have.’ See لَ / لِ above)
• هُنَّ — Hoon-no(oth) — Them (= pro., pl, f, in 3^rd person. Refers to decedent wives. A/t/a, ‘she gets’ whereas this word used in the Holy Qor-aan is for them in the plural form)
• الثُّمُنُ — Tho-mo-no — One-eighth (= One of the eight parts, portions or shares of inheritance)
• مِمَّا — Mim-maa — Out of what (= Combination of two words. مِنۡ (min) and  مَاۤ   (maa).  See مِمَّا above meaning ‘for what; out of what; regarding)
• تَرَكۡ — Ta-ruk — Left (= v., past., s., 2^nd person. Refers to what the deceased left   for heirs as the inheritance. See تَرَكَ above)
• تُمۡ — Toom — You men (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person. You. Refers to the husbands)
• مِنۡ — Min — From (= Among, from or out of the class. See مِنۡ  above)
• بَعۡدِ — Bau-day — After (= Behind; later; subsequent; succeeding. See بَعۡدِ above)
• وَصِيَّةٍ — Wa-see-aa-tin — Will (= n., s., f gender., Bequest; the direction by the decedent  to take effect after his death. Some authors [aya] have  added the word ‘payment’ after translating this word as ‘legacies’ – See وَصِيَّةٍ  above)
• تُوۡصُوۡنَ — Too-soo-na — You bequeath (= v., pres., m & f., 2^nd person. The bequest you make. A/t/a, ‘you may have bequeathed,’ ‘ye may have bequeathed’ or ‘bequests  made by you’ after the payment of’ are inaccurate for two reasons; firstly using the verb in the past tense and the noun as a plural because the Holy Qor-aan has used the verb in the present tense and the noun وَصِيَّةٍ  in the singular form. See also يُّوۡصِيۡنَ above)
• بِ — Bay — With (= Literally the word  بِ  means ‘with’)
• هَا —  Haa — It (= pro., s., f., 3^rd person., Refers to aforesaid ‘will’)
• اَوۡ — Auo — Or (= Alternatively; in substitution)
• دَيۡنٍ‌ — Dain — Debt  (= n., Amount borrowed; loan. See also See also دَيۡنٍ above)
• وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
• اِنۡ — In –If (= In case; under the circumstances; when. See اِنۡ above)
• كَانَ — Kaa-na — Has been (= v., past., s., m., 3^rd person., Were. See كَانَ above)
• رَجُلٌ — Ra-jo-loon — Man (= n., s., Male human being)
• يُّوۡرَثُ — Yoo-ra-tho — Being inherited (= v., pres., pass., s., 3^rd person. Deceased whose estate, heritage or legacy is to be distributed. A/t/a, ‘Whose inheritance is in question,’ ‘whose heritage is to be divided,’ ‘leaves property to be inherited [mma] or ‘leaving property to be inherited’)
• كَلٰلَةً — Ka-laa-la-ton — One who died leaving no parent, progeny or proper partner in life as a spouse. A/t/a, ‘distant heir (having left neither parent nor child),‘ ‘having no children,’ ‘Has left neither ascendants nor descendants,’ ‘leave neither children nor parents’ [njd], ‘he (or she – the deceased,’ ‘there is no parent or child’ or ‘has neither parent nor child’. See also 004:177)
• اَوِ — Aa-w(im) — Or else (= Alternatively; in substitution)
• امۡرَاَةٌ — Im-ra-aa-toon — Woman (= n., s., Female human being)
• وَّ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
• لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• هٗ — Hoo — Him (= pro., s., m., 3^rd person. Refers to the decedent)
• اَخٌ — Aa-khoon — Brother (= n., Son of the decedent’s parents. Various authors added a totally new concept that the brother or sister specified here must be ‘(only on the mother’s side) and ‘uterine brother or uterine sister’ whereas the text in the Holy Qor-aan has not at all specified that)
• اَوۡ — Auo — Or (= Alternatively; in substitution)
• اُخۡتٌ — Ookh-toon — Sister — (= n., Daughter of the decedent’s parents. Some authors have added (only on the mother’s side)’ although the text in the Holy Qor-aan has not at all specified that)
• فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• لِ — Lay — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• كُلِّ — Kool-lay — Everyone (= Each and everyone)
• وَاحِدٍ — Waa-hay-din — One (= n., Each one)
• مِّنۡ — Min — From (= Among, from or out of the class. See مِنۡ  above)
• هُمَا — Ho-maa — Those two       (= pro., pl., m., 3 ^rd person. Refers to aforesaid two persons namely the brother and sister. A/t/a, ‘them twain (the brother and the sister’ and ‘for each one of the  twain’)
• ٱلسُّدُسُ — So-do-so — One sixth (= One of the six parts, portions or shares of inheritance)
• فَ — Fa — But (= After this; hence; so; then; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when. See اِنۡ above)
• كَانُوۡۤا — Kaa-noo — Have been (= v., past., pl., m., 3^rd person. Were. A/t/a, ‘they be.’ See كَانَ above)
• اَكۡثَرَ — Uk-tha-ro — More than (= Above; exceeding; in excess of)
• مِنۡ — Min — From (= Among, from or out of the class. See مِنۡ  above)
• ذٰلِكَ — Zaa-lay-ka — This (= Here; refers to an aforesaid fact, person or statement; it was because; right here; such is this; that is how it is
• فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• هُمۡ‌ — Hoom — They (= pro., pl., m., 3 ^rd person. Refers to aforesaid Kilaalah)
• شُرَكَآءُ — Sho-ra-kaa-o — Equal partners (= n., pl., Associates; participants; peers; sharers. A/t/a, ‘shall be sharers,’ ‘they are (equal) sharers’ and ‘they shall be equal sharers.’ The translation of this verb as ‘they share’ or ‘shall equally share’ is inaccurate because the Holy Qor-aan has used the word which is a noun)
• فِى — F…(ith) — In (= About; concerning; in reference, regarding relative to. Also, amidst; among; belonging; contained or inside a duration, event, time, place, period, thing or situation)
• ٱلثُّلُث — Tho-lo-thay — One-third (= One of the third parts, portions or shares)
• مِنۡ — Min — From (= Among, from or out of the class. See مِنۡ  above)
• بَعۡدِ — Bau-day — After (= Behind; later; subsequent; succeeding. See بَعۡدِ above)
• وَصِيَّةٍ — Wa-see-aa-tin — Will (= n., s., f gender., Bequest; the direction by the decedent  to take effect after his death. Some authors [aya] have  added the word ‘payment’ after translating this word as ‘legacies’ – See وَصِيَّةٍ  above)
• يُّوۡصٰى — Yoo-saa — Is bequeathed (= v., pres., pass., 3^rd person. Bequest that may be made. A/t/a, ‘may have been bequeathed.’ But inaccurate is the translation ‘he (or she) may have bequeathed.’  See also يُّوۡصِيۡنَ above)
• بِ — Bay — With (= Literally the word  بِ  means ‘with’)
• هَا —  Haa — It (= pro., s., f., 3^rd person., Refers to aforesaid ‘will’)
• اَوۡ — Auo — Or (= Alternatively; in substitution)
• دَيۡنٍ‌ — Dain — Debt  (= n., Amount borrowed; loan. See also See also دَيۡنٍ above)
• غَيۡرَ — Ghai-ra — Without (= Absent; with no)
• مُضَآرٍّ‌ — Mo-dzar-rin — Prejudice (= Causing loss; diminishing; distressing; forcing; hurting or imposing. A/t/a, ‘no loss Is caused (to any one),’ ‘prejudice to the rights of the heirs,’ ‘not injuring (the heirs by willing away more than a third of the heritage),’ ‘(provided such bequest made by the testator and the debt) shall be without (any intent of) being harmful (to the interests of the heirs),’ ‘not injuring (others),‘ ‘all this shall be without intent to cause injury to any one,’ ‘so that no loss is caused (to anyone)’ and ‘without prejudice to the debt’)                                                                  
• وَصِيَّةٍ — Wa-see-aa-tin — Command (= n., f gender., Commandment; direction; injunction; mandate; rule; ordinance. The Holy Qor-aan has used this word three times above in this verse as an act of man, and the present fourth time as an act of God  Almighty. This noun as an act of the Almighty God is translated just like the word  فَرِيۡضَةً  (fa-ree-dza-toon) in the verse 004:012 as an ‘injunction,’ ‘law of Allah” and ‘commandment.’ Translation of this noun as a verb as in ‘ ordained’ is inaccurate)
• مِّنَ — May-na — From (= Among, from or out of the class. See مِنۡ  above)
• اللّٰهِ — Laa-hay — Allah (= The One and the Only One Almighty God)
• وَ — Wa…(ul) — And (= The وَ  vaao is tantamount to taking oath; solemn declaration or  calling as a witness. Normally a Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
• اللّٰهُ — Laa-ho — Allah (= The Almighty God; The only One worthy of worship)
• عَلِيۡمٌ‏ — Alee-m — All-Knowing (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most, and highlights that none more than Him knows or is knowing. Informed to the maximum. Has total and perfect knowledge. Has nothing out of sight. Knows all. Nothing whatever is beyond or out of His knowing. Well-Acquainted. Well-Aware. Most Knowledgeable)
• حَلِيۡمٌ‏ — Ha-lee-m — All-Forbearing (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most and highlights that none more than Him is Who accommodates, excuses, forbears, overlooks, pardons, puts up with, and tolerates. Extremely Tolerant. Highly Indulgent. A/t/a, ‘Forbearing,’ ‘Most Forbearing’ and ‘gracious’)

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                                     004:012

يُوۡصِيۡكُمُ اللّٰهُ فِىۡۤ اَوۡلَادِكُمۡ‌  لِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ الۡاُنۡثَيَيۡنِ‌ ۚ   فَاِنۡ كُنَّ نِسَآءً فَوۡقَ اثۡنَتَيۡنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ‌ ۚ  وَاِنۡ كَانَتۡ وَاحِدَةً فَلَهَا النِّصۡفُ‌ ؕ  وَلِاَ بَوَيۡهِ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنۡهُمَا السُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ اِنۡ كَانَ لَهٗ وَلَدٌ ۚ  فَاِنۡ لَّمۡ يَكُنۡ لَّهٗ وَلَدٌ وَّوَرِثَهٗۤ اَبَوٰهُ فَلِاُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ‌ ؕ   فَاِنۡ كَانَ لَهٗۤ اِخۡوَةٌ فَلِاُمِّهِ السُّدُسُ مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُّوۡصِىۡ بِهَاۤ اَوۡ دَيۡنٍ‌ ؕ   اٰبَآؤُكُمۡ وَاَبۡنَآؤُكُمۡ ۚ   لَا تَدۡرُوۡنَ اَيُّهُمۡ اَقۡرَبُ لَـكُمۡ نَفۡعًا‌ ؕ   فَرِيۡضَةً مِّنَ اللّٰهِ ‌ؕ   اِنَّ اللّٰهَ كَانَ عَلِيۡمًا حَكِيۡمًا‏

Yoo-see-ko-mool-laa-ho-fee-auo-laa-day-koom                                                                              Liz-za-ka-ray-mith-lo-huz-zil-oon-tha-yai-nay                                                                              Fa-in-koon-na-nay-saa-un-fao-quth-na-tai-nay                                                                            Fa-la-hoon-na-tho-lo-thaa-maa-ta-ra-ka                                                                                        Wa-in-kaa-nut-waa-hay-da-ton-fa-la-hun-nis-fo

Wa-lay-aa-ba-waiy-hay                                                                                                                        Lay-kool-lay-waa-hay-dim-min-ho-moos-so-do-so                                                                       Mim-maa-ta-ra-ka-in-kaa-na-la-hoo-wa-lud

Faa-in-lum-ya-koon-la-ho-wa-la-doon                                                                                            Wa-wa-ray-tha-hoo-aa-ba-waa-ho                                                                                                    Fa-lay-oom-may-hith-tho-lo-tho  

Fa-in-kaa-na-la-hoo-ikh-wa-toon                                                                                                      Fa-lay-oom-may-his-so-do-so                                                                                                              Min-bau-day-wa-se-aa-tin-too-se-bay-haa-auo-dain.

Aa-baa-o-koom-wa-ub-naa-o-koom                                                                                                Laa-tud-roo-na-auy-yo-hoom-uq-ra-bo-la-koom-nuf-aa

Fa-re-dza-tum-may-nul-laa-hay                                                                                                      In-nul-laa-ha-kaa-na-aa-lee-mun-ha-ke-maa

Allah directs you regarding your children.                                                                  For the male is equal to the share of two females.                                                          Then if there have been women more than two                                                              Then for them is two-third of what he left behind.                                                          And if there has been just one, then for her is one-half.

And for his parents                                                                                                                      For each one of those two is one-sixth                                                                                From what he left behind if there had been a child for him.

If he has not had a child                                                                                                            And both his parents inherited him                                                                                  Then for his mother is one-third.

Then if there has been for him a sibling                                                                              Then for his mother is one-sixth.                                                                                            After any bequest he makes or any debt.

Your parents or your children!                                                                                            You do not know who is closer to you in benefit.

This is an obligation from Allah.                                                                                            Surely Allah has always been All-Knowing, All-Wise.

• يُوۡصِيۡ — Yoo-see — Directs (= v., pres., s., 3^rd person. This verb when used as an act  by God Almighty means admonishes, binds, mandates, obligates, and also ‘chargeth,’ ‘commands,’ ‘directs,’ ‘enjoins’ and ‘prescribes (the following) law (of inheritance).’  The translation of this verb in the past tense as ‘enjoined’ is inaccurate because the Holy Qor-aan has used it in the present participle tense. This verb when used as an act of man means as stated in the later part of this verse)
• كُمُ — Ko-mo…(ol) — You (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person., You . The Holy Qor-aan states that way when addressing both men and women jointly)
• اللّٰهُ — Laa-ho — Allah (= The One and the Only One Almighty God)
• فِىۡ  — Fee — Regarding (= About; concerning; in, reference, regarding. The word also means amidst; among; belonging; contained inside a duration, event, time, place, period, thing or situation. A/t/a, ‘concerning (the provision for)’ and ‘as regards’)
• اَوۡلَادِ — Auo-laa-day — Children (= n., pl., Off-springs; son and daughters. A/t/a, ‘children’s (inheritance)’  )
• كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person., You. See كُمۡ  above)
• لِ — Lay..(iz) — For (= For the attention, benefit, cause, object, convenience, determination, purpose or reason of. Also, belonging to, concerning, intended for, regarding, relative to, to and towards. In verses 004:012 and 004:013 used 21 times this word has also been translated by various authors as ‘appertaineth,’ ‘belongeth,’ ‘belongs,’ ‘has,’ ‘have,’ ‘share of inheritance,’ ‘theirs,’ ‘their share,’ ‘shall inherit’ or ‘will get, have or inherit’)
• لذَّكَرِ –Za-ka-ray — The male (= n., Man; human being in masculine gender)
• مِثۡلُ — Mith-lo — Like (= Duplicate; identical in nature; just like; the same way; resembling; similar; substitute. Of the same kind, looks, quality, shape or type. A/t/a, various authors translated his word as ‘Twice as much as a female,’ ‘equal to,’ ‘equivalent of the portion of two  females’ and ‘as much as’)
• حَظِّ — Huz-z..(il) — Share (= n., Part; portion; slice)
• الۡاُنۡثَيَيۡنِ‌ — Oon-tha-yai-nay — Two females (= Two persons of feminine gender; woman)
• فَ — Fa — Then (= Hence; so; thus; after all this; at the end; in conclusion; consequently; finally; resultantly; thereafter; therefore. A/t/a, ‘but’)
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when; whenever)
• كُنَّ — Koon-na — They have been (= v., past., pl., f., 3^rd person., Females were. Continued doing; had been; used to; were, went on doing. A/t/a,’there are’ and ‘there be’)
• نِسَآءً — Nay-saa-un — Women (= Females of the mankind; ladies. A/t/a, ‘daughters,’   ‘girls,’ ‘all females,’ ‘only females’ and ‘females only’)
• فَوۡقَ — Fao-qa…(uth) — More than (= Above; beyond. The next degree above, over, greater, higher, larger or superior. Also, the next degree below, inferior, lower, lesser, smaller or under as used in the verse 002:027)
• ٱثۡنَتَيۡنِ  — (U)th-na-tai-nay — Two females (= Two persons of feminine gender; woman. A/t/a, ‘Daughters, two or more,’ ‘numbering more than two’ and ‘(two or more)’ )
• فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• هُنَّ — Hoon-na — Them (= pl, f, in 3^rd person. Refers to aforesaid women meaning daughters)
• ثُلُثَا — Tho-lo-thaa — Two thirds (= Two out of a total of three)
• مَاۤ — Maa — All that (= What; whatever; whatsoever)
• تَرَكَ –Ta-ra-ka — He left behind (= v., past., s., 3^rd person. Left as inheritance. Passed on. Saved, shelved or stored something as highly valuable. Some translations include ‘he (- the deceased) has left’ and ‘the deceased should leave.’ But the inaccurate translations of this verb include legacy or inheritance which are nouns, and those like ‘what the deceased leaves’ or ‘leave’ which are in the present tense whereas the Holy Qor-aan has used the verb in the past tense)
• وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when. See اِنۡ above)
• كَانَتۡ — Kaa-nut — She has been (= v., past., s., f., 3^rd person.. A/t/a, ‘there be’)
• وَٲحِدَةً۬ — Waa-hay-da-ton — One female (= Only one. A/t/a, ‘only one (daughter)’ )
• فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• هَا — Haa…(un) –Her (= pro., s., f., 3^rd person., Refers to aforesaid ‘female’)
• ٱلنِّصۡفُ — Nis-fo — One half (= Half of; fifty percent (50%). A/t/a, ‘a half’ and ‘the half’)
• وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
• لِ — Lay — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• أَبَوَيۡ — Aa-ba-wai — Both parents (= The two parents referring to the mother and father)
• هِ — Hay — His (= pro., s., m; 3^rd person., Refers to the decedent)
• لِ — Lay — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• كُلِّ — Kool-lay — Each (= Everyone of the two parents; the mother and father)
• وَٲحِدٍ — Waa-hay-din — One male (= m., A single; just one; only one. A/t/a, ‘each’)
• مِّنۡ —  Min — Of (= Among, from, of or out of the class or category of the several articles, counts, kind, things or persons)
• هُمَا — Ho-maa..(us) — Those two (= pro., pl., m., 3 ^rd person. Refers to both parents. This and the four earlier words have also been translated as ‘each of them’)
• ٱلسُّدُسُ — So-do-so — One sixth (= One of the six parts, portions or shares of inheritance. A/t/a, ‘a sixth of the inheritance’)
• مِمَّا — Mim-maa — Out of what (= Combination of two words.  The first is  مِنۡ  (min) that   means ‘among, from or out of the class, category, kind, count or several persons or things.’  The second is  مَاۤ (maa) that means ‘all that, what, whatever, any time, when whenever.’  So the combination means ‘for what; out of what; concerning, regarding, relative to; thereby)
• تَرَكَ — Ta-ra-ka — He left behind (= v., past., s., 3^rd person. Refers to what the deceased left for heirs as the inheritance. See  تَرَكَ  above)
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when. See اِنۡ above)
• كَانَ — Kaa-na — Has been (= v., past., s., m., 3^rd person. Was as for only one child)
• لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• هٗ — Hoo — Him (= pro., s., m., 3^rd person. Refers to the decedent. A/t/a, ‘deceased’ and ‘if he have’)
• وَلَدٌ۬‌ — Wa-la-doon — A child (= Offspring. Refers to one or more sons or daughters.  A/t/a, ‘if he have a son’ and ‘if the deceased left children’)
• فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when. See اِنۡ above)
• لَمۡ — Lum — Not (= Absolutely never; no, not at all)
• يَكُنۡ  — Ya-koon… (l) — Have been (= v., pres., s., m., 3^rd person., Happen to be. A/t/a, ‘if he have no son,’ ‘if he have no child,’ ‘if no children’ and ‘if he leave no children’)
• لَّ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• هٗ — Hoo — Him (= pro., s., m., 3^rd person. Refers to the decedent. A/t/a, ‘deceased’)
• وَلَدٌ۬‌ — Wa-la-doon — A child (= Offspring. Refers to one or more sons or daughters. Also, this plus six earlier words have also been jointly translated as ‘but if he have no child’)
• وَ  — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
• وَرِثَ — Wa-ray-tha — Inherited (= v., past., s., m., 3^rd person., Succeeded. A/t/a, ‘are his heirs,’ ‘are the (only) heirs,’ ‘be his heirs’ and ‘inherit him’ are inaccurate translation of this verb in the present tense and a noun because the Holy Qor-aan has used this as a verb in the past tense and not as a noun)
• هٗ — Hoo — Him (= pro., s., m., 3^rd person. Refers to the decedent)
• أَبَوَا — Aa-ba-waa — Both parents (= The two parents; mother and father. A/t/a, ‘(only) his two parents’)
• هُ — Ho — Him (= pro., s., m., 3^rd person. Refers to the decedent)
• فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• لِ — Lay — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• أُمِّ — Oom-may — Mother (= n., The woman who gave birth; Matter)
• هِ — H…(ith) — His (= pro., s., m; 3^rd person. The decedent)
• ٱلثُّلُث — Tho-lo-tho — One-third (= One of the third part, portion or share of inheritance. Added without anything specifically stated in the text of the Holy Qor-aan is ‘(and the rest two thirds is for the father)’ )
• فَ  — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when. See اِنۡ above)
• كَانَ — Kaa-na — Has been (= v., past., s., m., 3^rd person., Was. A/t/a, ‘there be’ and ‘he have’)
• لَ — La — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• هٗ — Hoo — Him (= pro., s., m., 3^rd person. Refers to the decedent. A/t/a, ‘he have’ )
• اِخۡوَةٌ — Ikh-wa-toon — A sibling (= n., Any brother or sister. A/t/a, ‘brethren,’ ‘two brothers,’ ‘brothers or (sisters),‘ ‘but if he has brothers’ are not accurate translations as  the Holy Qor-aan has pointed to a sibling who can be a brother, sister or a mix of them. Also, the addition to the translation ‘(in addition to his parents)’ is not warranted because the text of the Holy Qor-aan has not specified that)
• فَ — Fa — Then (= After this; hence; so; thus; therefore. See فَ above)
• لِ — Lay — For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• أُمِّ — Oom-may — Mother (= n., The woman who gave birth; Matter)
• هِ — Hay…(ith) — His  (= pro., s., m; 3^rd person. The aforesaid decedent) 
• ٱلسُّدُسُ- – So-do-so — One sixth (= One of the six parts, portions or shares of inheritance)
• مِنۡ — Min — From (= Among, from or out of the class. See مِنۡ  above) )
• بَعۡدِ — Bau-day — After (= Behind; later; subsequent to; succeeding. A/t/a, ‘(The distribution in all cases is) after the payment of legacies,’ ‘after (payment of),’ ‘All this is subject to the payment of any’  and ‘after (the payment of)’)
• وَصِيَّةٍ — Wa-see-aa-tin — Will (= n., s., f gender. Action to bequeath; bequest; binding  injunction regarding the decedent’s assets; direction by the decedent to take effect after his death; testamentary disposition. A/t/a, ‘(The distribution in all cases is) after the payment of legacies’ and ‘legacy’)
• يُّوۡصِىۡ — Yoo-see — He wills (= v., pres., m., 3^rd person. This verb when used as an act of a human being means a will or bequest that he makes in his lifetime. As an act of God this verb means as shown above. A/t/a, ‘he may have bequeathed, ‘ ‘he may have bequeathed’… (have been paid),’ ‘after the payment of his debts and any legacies he may have bequeathed,’ ‘he may have bequeathed or (still more important) of any debt  (- bequests made by the testator and his debts shall however be satisfied first)’ and ‘made by him,’  but such translations are inaccurate because, firstly, they have stated in the past tense what the Holy Qor-aan described in the present tense and, secondly, they have made additions which the text of the Holy Qor-aan has not specified)
• بِ — Bay — With (= Literally the word  بِ  means ‘with’)
• هَا — Haa — It (= pro., s., f., 3^rd person., Refers to aforesaid ‘will’)
• اَوۡ — Auo — Or (= Alternatively; in substitution)
• دَيۡنٍ‌ — Dain — Debt (= n., Amount borrowed; loan. This singular word has been translated into a plural by some authors )
• اٰبَآؤُ — Aa-baa-o — Fathers (= n., pl., The word fathers includes forefathers hhs (how high so ever). Here the word does not include mothers who are included in the word أَبَوَيۡ (aa-ba-wai) which is used above in this verse. A/t/a, ‘You may wonder’ is author’s  addition to but no translation of any text of the Holy Qor-aan)
• كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person., You . See  كُمۡ  above)
• وَ  — Wa — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
• اَبۡنَآؤ — Ub-naa-o — Children (= n., pl., This word is the plural of ابۡن (ibn) which means sons, boys, male family members or men. But the term includes children h.l.s. (how low so ever), descendants, off-springs, posterity, progeny)
• كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person., You. See  كُمۡ  above)
• لَا — Laa — Do not (= Naught; neither; never; none; nor; not at all; absolute denial and total negation without exception)
• تَدۡرُوۡنَ — Tud-roo-na — You know (= v., pres., pl., 2^nd person. Aware; realize; understand. A/t/a, ‘Ye know not’ and ‘you know not’)
• اَيُّ — Auy-yo — Who of many (= Refers to a small number out of a much larger group. A/t/a, ‘which of them’)
• هُمۡ‌ — Hoom — Them (= pro., pl., m., 3 ^rd person. Refers to parents and kids)
• أَقۡرَبُ — Uq-ra-bo — Closer (= adv., Akin to; fairer; great deal; greatly; highly; much;  more; nearer; a whole lot more appropriate. Also, best; nearest; exceedingly; properly, totally, very or wholly. A/t/a, ‘nearer’)
• لَ — La —  For (= Has; have, belongs to; for the benefit of, intended for; shall or will get, have or inherit. See also لَ / لِ above)
• كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2^nd person., You.  See كُمۡ  above)
• نَفۡعًا — Nuf-aa — In benefit (= Advantage or advantageous, benefit or beneficial, good  in results. This word has been translated as an adverb,  adjective and a noun, such as ‘beneficial’ or ‘usefulness.’ But the difference is how various authors have presented that in their works such as:                                                                                                                — ‘deserve better to benefit from you,’                                                                                           — ‘in conferring benefits upon you,’                                                                                               — ‘is more beneficent to you,’                                                                                                        — ‘is nearest to you in benefit,’ and                                                                                                — ‘are nearest to you in benefit.’
• فَرِيۡضَةً — Fa-ree-dza-toon — Obligation (= n., f gender. Command. Commandment. Direction. Duty. Injunction. Law. Mandate. Order. Rule. Something that has been made obligatory and must be enforced. Also, the ‘law of Allah,’ ‘ordinance from Allah’ and ‘(This) fixing (of portions) is.’ The Holy Qor-aan has used this noun, but some authors have translated it inaccurately as a verb as in mandated, obligated, ‘fixed,’ ‘settled portions ordained’ and ‘(these fixed shares) are ordained.’ The word  وَصِيَّةٍ (wa-see-aa-tin) used in verse 004:013 has been translated (a) synonymously with this word both (b) as a noun as in ‘ordinance’ as well as (c) inaccurately as a verb as in ‘ordained.’)
• مِّنَ — May-na…(ul) From (= Among, from or out of the class, category, count, kind    or several articles, things, persons or phenomenon.  A/t/a, ‘by’)
• اللّٰهِ — Laa-hay — Allah (= The One and the Only One Almighty God)
• اِنَّ — In-na…(ul) — Surely (= Absolutely; definitely; doubtlessly; earnestly; indeed;      positively; really; seriously; surely; truly; verily. A/t/a, ‘Lo!’)
• ٱللَّهَ — Laa-ha — Allah (= The One and the Only One Almighty God. A/t/a, ‘He is’)
• كَانَ        Kaa-na             Has been         (= v., past., s., m., 3^rd person., Were. See كَانَ above)
• عَلِيۡمًا — Alee-mun — All-Knowing (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most, and highlights that none more than Him knows or is knowing. Informed to the maximum. Has total and perfect knowledge. Has nothing out of sight. Knows all. Nothing whatever is beyond or out of His knowing. Well-Acquainted. Well-Aware. Most Knowledgeable. A/t/a, ‘ever Knowing’)
• حَكِيۡمًا‏ — Ha-ke-maa — All-Wise (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most, and highlights that none more than Him is Exalted in wisdom. Best Possessor of wisdom. Extremely shrewd. Full of wisdom. The Wisest