The Holy Qor-aan 004:044
يٰۤـاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا لَا تَقۡرَبُوا الصَّلٰوةَ وَاَنۡـتُمۡ سُكَارٰى حَتّٰى تَعۡلَمُوۡا مَا تَقُوۡلُوۡنَ وَلَا جُنُبًا اِلَّا عَابِرِىۡ سَبِيۡلٍ حَتّٰى تَغۡتَسِلُوۡا ؕ وَاِنۡ كُنۡتُمۡ مَّرۡضٰۤى اَوۡ عَلٰى سَفَرٍ اَوۡ جَآءَ اَحَدٌ مِّنۡكُمۡ مِّنَ الۡغَآٮِٕطِ اَوۡ لٰمَسۡتُمُ النِّسَآءَ فَلَمۡ تَجِدُوۡا مَآءً فَتَيَمَّمُوۡا صَعِيۡدًا طَيِّبًا فَامۡسَحُوۡا بِوُجُوۡهِكُمۡ وَاَيۡدِيۡكُمۡ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ كَانَ عَفُوًّا غَفُوۡرًا
Yaa auy-yo-ha ul-la-ze-na aa-ma-noo
Laa tauq-ra-boo s-sa-laa-ta wa aun-toom so-kaa-raa
Haut-taa tau-la-moo maa ta-qoo-loo-na
Wa laa jo-no-baun il-laa aa-bay-ree sa-be-lin
Haut-ta taugh-ta-say-loo
Wa in koon-toom maur-dzaa auo aa-laa sa-fa-rin
Auo jaa-aa aa-ha-doon min koom may-na ul-ghaa-aiy-tay
Auo laa-maus to-mo on-nay-saa-aa
Fa laum ta-jay-doo maa-aun
Fa ta-yaum-ma-moo sa-ee-daun toy-yay-baun
Fa um-say-hoo bay wo-joo-hay koom wa aiy-de koom
In-na ul-laa-ha kaa-na aa-foo-waun gha-foo-raa
Listen, you all who have believed!
Do not go near the prayer when you are out of wits Until you know what you say And not when unclean except as a traveler on road Until you bathe.
And if you are sick or on a journey Or one among you came from the toilet Or you have sensuously touched the women And you do not find water Then (ta-yaum-ma-moo) choose clean dust
And wipe over your faces and your hands.
Indeed Allah has always been Highly Excusing, Most Forgiving
The Holy Qor-aan has used the Phrase Yaa-auy-yo-hul-la-zee-na-aa-ma-noo many times
- يٰۤ — Yaa — Listen (= Be attentive; hearken; pay attention; O!)
- اَيُّهَا — Auy-yo-ha … (ul) — You all (= All addressees; entire audience; whole lot of listeners)
- ٱلَّذِينَ — Aul-la-ze-na — Those who (= pl., m, 3rd person. Those articles, things or persons
- اٰمَنُوۡۤ — Aa-ma-noo — They Believed (= v., past., pl., 3rd person. Believed in the Holy Qor-aan; became Moslems. Accepted, acknowledged, admitted or witnessed their entry in Iss-laam. See Commentaries like Islam – 101, Phrase Aa-ma-noo-wa-aa-may-loos … and Believe and Disbelieve that floodlight other aspects how the Holy Qor-aan has used this word)
- لَا — Laa — Do not (= Naught; neither; never; none; nor; not at all; absolute denial and total negation without exception)
- تَقۡرَبُوا — Tauq-ra-boo … (s) — You near (= v., pres., pl., 2nd person. Approach. Come close to. Draw, get or go near. Keep away. Keep the distance. Also, begin, commence or initiate taking the early, first and initial steps)
- الصَّلٰوةِ — Sa-laa-ta — The prayer (= n., The Commandment for the Moslems to pray Five times Daily. Abjectly and earnestly beseeching, requesting or supplicating in worshiping. Praying with full attention and focused mind. See our Commentary ISLAM – 104 — 5 Acts of worships or pillars of Islam)
- وَ — Wa — And / When (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but; also; more over; though; when; while; yet)
- اَنۡـتُمۡ — Aun-toom — Surely you (= pro., pl., 2nd person. This is a combination of اِنۡ (aun) that means absolutely, clearly, really, surely, truly or verily and تُمۡ (toom) that is for the pronoun you)
- سُكَارٰى — So-kaa-raa — Out of wits (= n., The word means any temporary judgment-impairing condition, medical situation like sugared-up or blood sugar (hypoglycemia) imbalance, allergy-controlling antihistamines, or bouts of distress during kidney or liver problems, pregnancy, breastfeeding or extreme exhaustion, fatigue, sleep-depravation, tiredness, etc. A/t/a, ‘not in full possession of your senses’ and ‘not in full possession of your faculties.’ However, the translations such as ‘drunken,’ ‘drunken state,’ ‘drunk’ and ‘intoxicated’ are inappropriate because the Believers have a Prohibition against drinking and they won’t take even the first step towards an activity that could lead them to get drunk or become intoxicated)
- حَتّٰى — Haut-ta — Until (= By the end of the period or term; till the time. A/t/a, ‘but wait till’)
- تَعۡلَمُوۡا — Tau-la-moo — You know (= v., pres., pl., 2nd person. Are aware, informed or in the know of. Fully know, realize and understand. With total cognizance, comprehension and recognition. A/t/a, ‘ye know,’ ‘you can grasp the meaning of,’ ‘you understand’ and realize ‘the true import of)
- مَاۤ — Maa — What (= All that; whatever; whatsoever. A/t/a, ‘that which’)
- تَقُوۡلُوۡنَ — Ta-qoo-loo-na — You say (= v., pres., pl., 2nd person. Announce; ask; beg; beseech; broadcast; call; claim; convey; declare; elaborate; explain; expound; inform; present; profess; specify; speak; state; submit; tell; utter. A/t/a, ‘ye utter,’ ‘you say (in your prayer)’ and ‘(the meaning) of what you utter.’ But nouns in ‘your supplications’ and ‘your word’ have not translated the verb in the text of the Holy Qor-aan)
- وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ above)
- لَا — Laa — Not (= Naught; neither; never; none; nor. See لَا above)
- جُنُبًا — Jo-no-baun — Unclean (= adj., In need of a bath; unwashed; human body after a discharge of semen either nocturnally or in sex. A/t/a, ‘state of impurity,’ ‘polluted.’ ‘(occupy yourselves in prayer) when you are unclean (and under an obligation to have a bath,)’ ‘you have consorted with your wives,’ ‘a state of janaba (i.e. in a state of sexual impurity and have not yet taken a bath’ and had a ‘sexual intercourse’)
- اِلَّا — Il-laa — Except (= Apart from; but; besides; excluding; save; unless)
- عَابِرِىۡ — Aa-bay-ree — Traveler (= n., Journeyman; tourist; traveler; trekker; voyager. Also, during the course of a journey.’ A/t/a, when ‘travelling,’ ‘travelling on the road (without enough water, or just passing through a mosque,’ ‘passing through,’ ‘merely passing by,’ ‘(you can do without a bath) when you are travelling’ and ‘journeying’ are inaccurate translations as a verb of a noun that the Holy Qor-aan has used)
- سَبِيۡلٍ — Sa-bee-lin — Road (= n., On a highway, path, road or way. A/t/a, ‘travelling along a way’)
- حَتّٰى — Hut-ta — Until (= Save. By the end of the period or term; till the time)
- تَغۡتَسِلُوۡا — Taugh-ta-say-loo — You bathe (= v., pres., s., 2nd person. Clean up with a wash. Also, ‘you wash your whole body.’ A/t/a, ‘you have bathed’ and ‘washed’ are inaccurate translations of a verb in the pretense tense when the Holy Qor-aan has used a verb in the past tense)
The Commandment in next thirty-five (35) words is repeated in 004:044 and 005:007
- وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ above)
- اِنۡ — In — If (= In case; under the circumstances; when; when situation arises; whenever. A/t/a, ‘should’)
- كُنۡ — Koon — Have been (= v., past., s., m., 2nd person., Continued doing; had been; used to; were, went on doing. Indicates the continuity from the past to the present and leading into the future. A/t/a, ‘are’)
- تُمۡ — Toom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. See تُمۡ above)
- مَّرۡضٰۤى — Maur-dzaa — Sick (= n., Disabled; handicapped; ill, infirm; patient; unwell. A/t/a, ‘taken ill’)
- اَوۡ — Auo — Or (= Conj., Alternatively; in case. A/t/a, ‘and’ is not an accurate translation for that makes the sick and traveling one situation whereas the Holy Qor-aan has made that provision for two distinct situations, namely the one who is sick and the one who is traveling)
- عَلَى — Aa-laa — On (= Above; for; on; on top of; over; to; upon)
- سَفَرٍ — Sa-fa-rin — A journey (= n., Journey; tour; trek; voyage. A/t/a ‘on a journey’ and ‘on a journey while unclean‘)
- اَوۡ — Auo– Or (= Conj., Alternatively; in case)
- جَآءَ — Jaa-aa — Came (= v., past., s., 3rd person. Arrived; reached; returned. The word in different contexts may mean achieved, brought , delivered, settled or succeeded. A/t/a, ‘relieved.’ But ‘cometh’ and ‘comes’ in the present tense are no no translation of the Holy Qor-an text in the past tense)
- اَحَدٌ — Aa-ha-doon — One (= n., Anyone)
- مِنۡ — Min — Among (= Among, from or out of the class or category of several articles, counts, kind, things, persons or phenomenon)
- كُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. See تُمۡ above)
- مِّنَ — May-na … (ul) — From (= Among, from or out of the class of many. See مِنۡ above)
- الۡغَآٮِٕطِ — Ghaa-aiy-tay — The toilet (= n., Having answered the call of nature; outhouse. A/t/a, ‘cometh from the closet,’ ‘comes from the call of nature,’ ‘comes after answering the call of nature’ and ‘privy’ which is a word used for an old-fashioned outdoor toilet)
- اَوۡ — Auo — Or (= Alternatively; in case)
- لٰمَسۡ — Laa-maus — Touched (= v., past., s., 2nd person. Touched sensuously with a clear pleasurable stimulation. Have had conjugal relations, love-making or sex. A/t/a, ‘have approached,’ ‘have had (sexual) contact,’ ‘had intercourse … while travelling.’ ‘have consorted with your wives’ and ‘have been in contact with women (by sexual relations)’
- تُمُ — To-mo … (on) — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You men)
- النِّسَآءَ — Nay-saa-aa — The women (= Wives. Literal meanings include girls or females of the mankind; ladies; women folk)
- فَ — Fa — Then (= Hence; so; thus; after all this; in the final analysis; consequently; finally; resultantly; thereafter; therefore)
- لَمۡ — Laum — Not (= Absolutely never; no, not at all. A/t/a, ‘cannot’)
- تَجِدُوۡا — Ta-jay-do — You find (= v., pres., pl., 2nd person. Can get or see; have access to)
- مَآءً — Maa-un — Water (= n., H2O; ‘water (for bathing or ablution)’)
- فَ — Fa — And (= And; in that case; hence; so; then; thus. See فَ above)
- تَيَمَّمُوۡا — Ta-yaum-ma-moo — Choose (= v., pres., pl., 2nd person. Choose; opt; pick; select. Also, complete; finish. Seek to close, conclude or culminate a process or transaction to exchange or replace it with an almost equal substitute. See Note 004:044 below. A/t/a, ‘go to,’ ‘betake yourselves to,’ ‘clean yourself,’ ‘take,’ ‘have recourse to’ and ‘perform Tayammum‘)
- صَعِيۡدًا — Sa-ee-dun — High Ground (= n., Elevation. A/t/a, ‘high clean soil,’ ‘dust,’ ‘earth’ and ‘sand’)
- طَيِّبًا — Toy-yay-bun — Clean (= n., Hygienic; good; pure; sanitary; spotless; sterile; unsoiled; unspoiled; wholesome. A/t/a, ‘clean’ and ‘pure’)
- فَ — Fa … (um) — Then (= Hence; so; thus; thereafter; therefore. See فَ above)
- امۡسَحُوۡا — Aum-sa-hoo — Wipe (= v., pres., pl., 2nd person. Pass hands; scour; scrub; tidy. Cleanse, mop, wash or wipe without water but by the gesture of hands. Gently go over. A/t/a, ‘rub’)
- بِ — Bay — With (= Literally the word بِ means with. A/t/a, ‘over’ and ‘therewith’)
- وُجُوۡهِ — Wo-joo-hay — Faces (= n., pl., The front part of human body above neck and below head consisting of forehead, nose, cheeks and chin. See Note 004:126 )
- كُمۡ — Koom — Your (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. See تُمۡ above)
- وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ above)
- اَيۡدِيۡ — Aiy-dee — Both hands (= n., 2pl., The part of human arm below the wrist and can consist of a thumb, fingers and a palm that can hold and manipulate certain motions)
- كُمۡ — Koom — Your (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. See كُمۡ above)
- اِنَّ — In-na … (ul) — Certainly (= Absolutely; definitely; doubtlessly; earnestly; indeed; positively; really; seriously; surely; truly; verily. A/t/a, ‘Lo!’)
- ٱللَّهَ — Laa-ha — Allah (= The One and the Only One Almighty God)
- كَانَ — Kaa-na — He has been (= v., past., s., m., 3rd person., Continued doing; had been; used to; were, went on doing. Indicates the continuity from the past to the present and leading into the future)
- عَفُواۡ — Aa-foo-waun — Highly excusing (= adj., Superlative form indicates the Supreme Pardoner. It highlighting that no one more than Him excuses, overlooks and pardons all kinds of crimes, errors, faults, sins and wrongs. The Greatest Effacer. The Most Indulgent. The One Who accepts most excuses. See 001:001. A/t/a, ‘Benign,’ ‘Benignant,’ Indulgent,’ ‘Most Indulgent,’ ‘Effacer of sins,’ ‘ever Pardoning’ and ‘Ever Oft-Pardoning’)
- غَفُوۡرًا — Gha-foo-raa — Most Forgiving (= adj., Superlative form indicates the Greatest Forgiver. The word highlights that no one more than Him excuses, overlooks and pardons all kinds of crimes, errors, faults, sins and wrongs. See 001:001. A/t/a, ‘Great Protector’ and ‘Oft-Forgiving’)
** Note 004:044. Relative to the preparation for the Moslem worship of Salat, substitute the process of “a clean-up with washing” with that of rubbing or scrubbing the palms or gestures of hands over a clean surface and moping, polishing or wiping them on one’s face for a “symbolic clean-up.”
