002:184

Posted on February 6, 2016 by Abid

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                        002:184

 

  يٰٓـاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا كُتِبَ عَلَيۡکُمُ الصِّيَامُ کَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِيۡنَ مِنۡ قَبۡلِکُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُوۡنَۙ‏

 

Yaa-auy-yo-hul-la-zee-na-aa-ma-noo                                                                                         Ko-tay-ba-alai-ko-moos-say-yaa-mo                                                                                             Ka-maa-ko-tay-ba-aa-lul-la-zee-na-min-qub-lay-koom                                                               La-ul-la-koom-tuut-ta-qoo-n.

 

Listen, you all who have believed!                                                                                          Made binding on you is the Fasting                                                                                     Like it was prescribed for those before you                                                                     So that you can become pious.

The Holy Qor-aan has used the Phrase Yaa-auy-yo-hul-la-zee-na-aa-ma-noo many times

  • يٰۤ — Yaa — Listen (= Be attentive; hearken; pay attention; O!)
  • اَيُّهَا — Auy-yo-ha(ul) — You all (= All addressees; entire audience; whole lot of listeners)
  • ٱلَّذِينَ — Ul-la-zee-na — Those who (= pl., m, 3rd person. Those articles, things or persons
  • اٰمَنُوۡۤ — Aa-ma-noo — They Believed (= v., past., pl., 3rd person. Believed in the Holy Qor-aan; became Moslems. Accepted, acknowledged, admitted or witnessed their entry in Iss-laam. See Commentaries like Islam – 101, Phrase Aa-ma-noo-wa-aa-may-loos … and Believe and Disbelieve that floodlight other aspects how the Holy Qor-aan has used this word)
  • كُتِبَ — Ko-tay-ba — Made binding(= v., passive. 1. Authentic penned down material in black   and white that is decreed to be a part of a religion.   2.  The part of the divine Commands and Prohibitions, directions, rules and regulations revealed, sanctioned, codified, written and added to a Spiritual Code.   3. Allowed, approved, authorized, bid, bounded to follow, commanded, conveyed, decreed, directed, enjoined, eternalized, laid down, legalized, made binding, made obligatory; mandated, ordered, ordained, permitted, prescribed or recorded as the Do’s and Don’ts that hold good eternally and made operative  universally as the Rules of Universal Application for the entire Mankind)
  • عَلَيۡ — Alai — On (= Above; against; before; for; on top of; over; upon)
  • کُمُ — Ko-mo…(os) — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person.   You.   The Holy Qor-aan states this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • الصِّيَامُ — Say-yaa-mo — Fasting  *   (= One of the worships to willingly forego many of the otherwise lawful activities like eating, drinking, etc.)
  • كَ — Ka — Like (= Identical to; resembling; similar to)
  • مَا — Maa– That (= All that; because of’, ‘due to’, ‘for the reason’; what)
  • كُتِبَ — Ko-tay-ba — Prescribed (= Mandated, ordered, prescribed. See  كُتِبَ above)
  • عَلَى — Aa-la…(ul) — On / For (= Above; against; before; for; on; on top of; over; upon)
  • ٱلَّذِينَ — La-zee-na — Who (= pl., in 3rd person. ‘All those men’, masculine gender’)
  • مِنۡ — Min — From (= Among, from or out of the class, category, count, kind of several articles, things, persons or phenomenon)
  • قَبۡلِ — Qub-lay — Before (= Ahead of; antecedent; earlier than; former  or older times; occurred in prior period; previously; times gone by)
  • کُمۡ —  Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person.   You.   The Holy Qor-aan states this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • لَعَلَّ — La-ul-la — So that (= Gave chance; haply; hopefully; perchance; possibly;  hope and wish that it becomes; wishing a result to be)
  • کُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person.  You.  The Holy Qor-aan states this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • تَتَّقُوۡنَ — Tut-ta-qoo-n –You be pious   (= v., Avoid angering Allah, ‘act piously and righteously’, ‘become God-fearing, and righteous,’ ‘clean inner self, ‘develop self-restraint,’ ‘do duty to God’, ‘guard against or ward off evil.’’protect, rescue or save yourself,’ ‘ward off evil.’ ‘To safeguard against moral and spiritual ills.’ See our Commentary The Righteous)

 

* Note 002:184.   Fasting is one of the 5 Acts of Worships of Islam.    Fasting is a worship that was practiced before Islaam by Hindus, Jews, Christians and others.    Fasting as a physical activity is covered by the rules detailed in the verses 002:184 to 002:188.    Fasting is meant to be a month-long period for the real earnest worship of the Almighty God.    Fasting is to voluntarily leave the lawful acts of interest in opposite sex, eating and drinking.    Fasting is a worship which  increases self-restraint and boosts spiritual and temporal benefits.

All spiritual and temporal advantages quoted by saints and scholars really pale against a the words of the Almighty God that He Himself is the reward of one who fasts.

Translations have stated how fasting is not ‘self-torture’ [A Yusuf Ali].    Medical world has recorded health benefits of a prolonged under-eating for one month in a year.    Nations have built varying customs around their loud talks and sermons about this holy period.     Economists and social services applaud the benefits of generously donated charities this month.    Clergy has devoted this month to generate great income part which is spent in real good causes.    Moslems the world over, after fasting for a whole month, celebrate one holiday of great festivity.    Known as the Eid, it has set up traditions of biggest annual joy, new clothes and gift exchanges.    Sadly I recall a cartoon of a poor girl ask, “Mother, why does the Eid come to only rich kids?”

 

 

 

Posted in Commands - Humanism, Commentary and Notes, Qor-aan's Translation - verse #, Shariah Law | Tagged , , , | Leave a comment

002:183

Posted on February 5, 2016 by Abid

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                                  002:183

 

فَمَنۡ خَافَ مِنۡ مُّوۡصٍ جَنَفًا اَوۡ اِثۡمًا فَاَصۡلَحَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ فَلَاۤ اِثۡمَ عَلَيۡهِؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ غَفُوۡرٌ رَّحِيۡمٌ‏

 

Fa-mun-khaa-fa-min-moo-sin-ja-na-fun-auo-ith-mun                                                               Fa-us-la-ha-bai-na-hoom-fa-laa-ith-ma-alai-hay                                                                       In-nul-laa-ha-gha-foo-roor-ra-heem      

 

Then who suspected a partiality or wrongdoing from a testator,                              Then reformed between them, then no wrong would be on his part.                  Allah indeed is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful

 

  • فَ — Fa — Then (= Consequently; as a result; so; thus; therefore; yet)
  • مَنۡ — Mun — Who (= Anyone; whoever; whom; whomever; whoso)
  • خَافَ — Khaa-fa — Suspected (= Apprehended; dreaded; feared; felt worried; unhappily thought)
  • مِنۡ — Min –From (= From or out of the class, category, count or kind of acts)
  • مُّوۡصٍ — Moo-sin — Testator (= Maker of a bequest; will-maker)
  • جَنَفًا — Ja-na-fun — Partiality (= Excess; injustice; taking side of some to exclude some others from their fair share and lawful inheritance;  transgression; unjust clause or provision; wrong)
  • اَوۡ — Auo —  Or (= Alternatively; in substitution)
  • اِثۡمًا — Ith-mun — Wrong — (= Blame; crime; guilt; infraction; illegality; sin. Sinfully and unfairly depriving some heir as a consequence of such bequest, direction or will)
  • فَ — Fa — So (= Consequently; as a result; then; thus; therefore; yet)
  •  اَصۡلَحَ — Us-la-ha — Reformed (= v., past., s., 3rd person. Ameliorated; amended; bettered. Brought about healthy, corrected, enriched, improved, and mended ways. Reorganized. Revolutionized. Set things right. Settled down. Upgraded. Also, reformed  the Will so that it became fair and equitable)
  • بَيۡنَ — Bai-na — Between (= Betwixt; among)
  •  ھُمۡ‌– Hoom — Them (= pro., pl., m., 3rd person. The affected parties affected, the concerned individuals or the contesting claims to the inheritance or the will)
  • فَ — Fa — Then (= Consequently; as a result; so; thus; therefore; yet)
  • لَا — Laa — No (= Absolute denial; never; not at all; total negation)
  • اِثۡمَ — Ith-ma — Wrong-doing   (= Blame; crime; guilt; infraction; illegality; sin)
  • عَلَى — Alai — On (= Above; against; before; for; on top of; over; upon)
  • هِ — Hay — Him (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Ref to ‘who makes the change’)
  • اِنَّ — In-n..(ul)  — Absolutely       (= Certainly; definitely; doubtlessly; earnestly; indeed; in all seriousness; positively; really; surely; truly; verily)
  • اللّٰهَ — Laa-ha — Allah (= The Almighty God; The only One worthy of worship)
  • غَفُوۡرٌ — Gha-foo-roon — Most Forgiver (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most and highlights that none more than Him is The One Who excuses, overlooks and pardons)
  • رَّحِيۡمٌ‏ — Ra-heem — Most Merciful (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most. and highlights that none more than Him shows mercy again and again, continually, incessantly and indefinitely like the endlessly and perpetually  incoming waves from the oceans; Merciful Forever)
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002:182

Posted on February 4, 2016 by Abid

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                        002:182

 

فَمَنۡۢ بَدَّلَهٗ بَعۡدَ مَا سَمِعَهٗ فَاِنَّمَآ اِثۡمُهٗ عَلَى الَّذِيۡنَ يُبَدِّلُوۡنَهٗؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ سَمِيۡعٌ عَلِيۡمٌؕ‏           

 

Fa  maun  baud-da-la  hoo  bau-da  maa  sa-may-aa  hoo
Fa  in-na  maa  ith-mo  hoo
Aa-la  ul-la-ze-na  yo-baud-day-loo-na  hoo
In-na  ul-laa-ha  sa-mee-oon  aa-lee-m

 

So whoever changed him after what they heard from him
Then most certainly his sin for changing the Divine Order
Is on those who change him as to what he had said.
Allah surely is All-Hearing, All-Knowing 

 

  • فَ — Fa — So (= After all this; as a result; at the end; consequently; hence; in conclusion; resultantly; so; then; thereafter; therefore; thus; yet)
  • مَنۡ — Maun — Whoever (= Anyone; who; whom; whomever; whoso)
  • بَدَّ لَ — Baud-da-la — Changed (= v., past, m., 3rd person. Altered; exchanged; substituted; took one thing in lieu of another; varied the terms)
  • هٗ — Hoo — Him   *   (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Refers to ‘the decedent who spoke out the terms of his will. See the Note below)
  • بَعۡدَ — Bau-da — After  (= Behind; later; subsequently)
  • مَا — Maa — What (= All that; whatever; whatsoever)
  • سَمِعَ — Sa-may-aa — Heard (= v., past., m., 3rd person. Attended. Heeded. Listened. Paid attention. Outside sound came into ears. We can’t understand why some authors in translating this word added the words physically and spiritually)
  • هٗ — Hoo — Him   *  (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Refers to the ‘decedent’)
  • فَ — Fa — Then (= Consequently; as a result; so; thus; See  فَ  above)
  • اِنَّمَا — In-na-maa — Most certainly (= Combination of two words. The first word اِنَّ (inna) means absolutely, definitely, doubtlessly, earnestly, indeed, positively, really, seriously, surely, truly or verily. The second word  مَاۤ  (maa) means all that, what; whatever. whatsoever. Thus  اِنَّمَا  (inna-maa) lays great emphasis on the statement that follows it as absolutely, positively and most certainly accurate’)
  • اِثۡمُ — Ith-mo — Sin (= n., Crime; guilt; infraction; illegality; iniquity; injustice; offence; sin; transgression; unjust conduct; wrong. Intentional / premeditated commission of a Prohibition. Blame, accountability or responsibility for an unlawful or unjustifiable conduct for any of the above acts)
  • هٗ — Hoo — That   *   (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Refers to the ‘decedent’)
  • عَلَى — Aa-la … (ul) — On (= Above; against; before; for; on top of; over; upon)
  • ٱلَّذِينَ — Aul-la-ze-na — Those who (= Reference is to ‘all those men’ in masculine gender’)
  • يُبَدِّ لُوۡنَ — Yo-baud-day-loo-na — Change (= Alter; exchange; substitute. See بَدَّ لَ above)
  • هٗ — Hoo — That    *   (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Refers to the ‘decedent’)
  • اِنَّ — In-na … (ul) — Absolutely (= Certainly; definitely; doubtlessly. See  اِنَّمَا  above)
  • اللّٰهَ — Laa-ha — Allah  (= The Almighty God; The only One worthy of worship)
  • سَمِيۡعٌ — Sa-mee-oon — All-Hearing (= n., superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most and highlights that none hears more than Him All-Hearing. Most Hearing. The Hearer. The One Who never misses hearing anything. Who hears all, entirely, surely, totally, truly and wholly. Who hears all people all the time and very well. See 001:001)
  • عَلِيۡمٌ– Alee-m — All-Knowing (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most, and highlights that none more than Him Knows. See Note 002:033. Also: Informed to the maximum. The One with total knowledge and nothing out of sight. Knows all. Most Knowledgeable. Well-Acquainted with and Well-Aware of. See Note 001:001)

* Note 002:182.  This verse has used the pronoun  هٗ  (Hoo) four times. Many including Muhammad Ali, NJ Dawood, Malik Ghulam Farid, AR Omar and M Pickthall have applied this pronoun to the will in their translations. But the following point to a different conclusion.

  1. The verse forbids any alteration by witnesses who heard him, the testator, who uttered his will when he neared and expected death. Only a human can hear and change what he heard. The will does not change itself.
  2. The verse relates to the word  اۨلۡوَصِيَّةُ  (aul-wa-se-ya-ta), the testator, and that is why the pronoun for a single masculine gender in 3rd person  هٗ  (hoo) is used. If it was  meant to refer to  اۨلۡوَصِيَّةُ  (aul-wa-se-ya-ta) which ends with  ة  (taa-e-taa-neeth), then the pronoun for single feminine gender in 3rd person, i.e., هَا (haa) would have been used.
  3.  The fact of hearing the testator and rules of Arabic grammar show that the pronoun هٗ  (hoo) refer to someone in the masculine gender and not to  اۨلۡوَصِيَّةُ  (aul-wa-se-ya-ta) with feminine gender. The pronoun  هٗ (hoo) in all four places in this verse refers to the testator who uttered his will and is thus best translated as ‘him’ and not otherwise.
Posted in Commands - Humanism, Commentary and Notes, One God with 99 names, Qor-aan's Translation - verse #, Shariah Law | Tagged , , , | Leave a comment

Law of Compensation, The Qay-saas

Posted on February 4, 2016 by Abid

LAW

Compensation (Compensatory payment = Qay-saas =قِصَاص )

The Sha-riah that most Moslems like to follow is well-known for a very sound legal theory. It is the Law of Compensatory Payment (called Qay-saas) for many murders or homicides.     The Jurists have narrowed the scope to only those deaths which occur with no intent to kill.    Present day life should cover most vehicular homicides, train wrecks and other accidents.    Courts might extend this law to cover deaths as collateral damage like invaders’ acts of war.    Rumors are that Pakistan was compensated for civilian deaths caused by the Drones of USA.   The Drones firing missiles to take out terrorists had obviously not intended to kill kids.

Qay-saas often called blood-money is the compensation or consideration a wrong-doer pays to the victim.   The idea is to restore some semblance of equality, equilibrium, equitable retaliation, justice, pay back, reckoning, redemption, reprisal, retribution, revenge, settlement, or vengeance for the loss caused by ta victim’s death.    The psychological and financial benefits of the wrong-doer compensating a victim’s heirs are enormous.

The verses 002:179 and 002:180 require paying the compensation when a loss of life has occurred.    They regulate why, when or where the system of compensatory payment is the good thing to pursue.    The Commandment clearly lays the law, procedure, propriety and gives reason for the concession.    The verse 002:195 also uses this word قِصَاص   (Qay-saa-s).    Stated above are the exact meanings.    The text uses the word الۡقَتۡلٰى  (Qut-laa) which applies to intentional or accidental deaths equally.    However, three important conditions have also been super-imposed to avoid any potential harm.    The first condition is that a freeman for a freeman, a slave for a slave and a woman for a woman.    It establishes the principle that the loss of victim’s life is to be avenged with that of the murderer.    The second condition mandates calculating compensation fairly and paying the same promptly.    The third condition forbids extending this concession to any transgressor and habitual offender.    It is the family of the victim who forgives [yet to be completed] that primarily is the beneficiary of this Command.

An academic debate still continues whether the Command gives the choice of retaliation by bloodshed.  Jurists have limited the pardoning and paying compensation to only unintended accidental losses of life.  The interpretations, extrapolations, restrictions and extensions of this are plentiful as translators have labeled it as the LAW of “Equality” [A Yusuf Ali], “Retaliation” [M Pickthall], “Retribution” [Ahmad Zidan] and “Equality in punishment” Dr Al-Hilali & Dr Khan] and of Fairness, Retaliation, Retribution for the wrong done to a victim.

The translations of the word اتِّبَاعٌۢ (It-tay-baa-oon = Follow-up) done by M M Pickthall is “prosecution.”    The explanation of the principle by NJ Dawood is that “He who is pardoned by his aggrieved brother shall be prosecuted according to the usage and shall pay him a liberal fine.”   The translators who follow that line of thinking have set up the following as the necessary steps to implement this Command.

  1. First step is the forgiveness by the aggrieved brother.
  2. Second step still is the prosecution of the defendant.
  3. Third step is the payment of the compensation by the defendant.
  4. Final step is the forfeiture of life of a defendant who fails to pay the compensation. Each translation has support its stand-point with several of the Ahaadeeth (= Quotes of the Holy Prophet s.a.w) from various collections of them.

Indeed the two-pronged obvious goal is to prevent the killer from getting away with the murder.    A pardon or forgiveness must accompany compensating the victim’s family at least financially.    But putting public time and money to prosecute a murderer in a trial mostly defeats that purpose.    In case of a conviction the authorities can’t permit forgiveness and waive criminal penalty imposed.    In case of an acquittal the offender could not be bothered to pay compensation even if he promised.    It is a serious matter and not a legal football for jurists to kick it round since The Qor-aan is No Joke.

The Shiites in Iran have evolved the system of compensatory payment to a new level.    A convict there can hire for cash compensation a substitute to take the lashes on his behalf after a judge has ordered punishment of lashing.    This modern innovation contradicts the precedent where the 3rd Caliph Omar-bin-Khuttab r.a personally executed the judgment of striking lashes on his son after his conviction for a moral wrong.

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002:181

Posted on February 3, 2016 by Abid

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                       002:181

 

كُتِبَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ اِذَا حَضَرَ اَحَدَكُمُ الۡمَوۡتُ اِنۡ تَرَكَ خَيۡرَا  ۖۚ  اۨلۡوَصِيَّةُ لِلۡوَالِدَيۡنِ وَالۡاَقۡرَبِيۡنَ بِالۡمَعۡرُوۡفِۚ حَقًّا عَلَى الۡمُتَّقِيۡنَؕ‏

 

Ko-tay-ba-ezaa-ha-dza-ra-aa-ha-da-ko-mool-mao-to
In-ta-ra-ka-khai-run
Ul-wa-se-ya-to-lil-waa-lay-dai-nay-wul-uq-ra-be-na                                                                  Bil-mau-roo-fay-huq-qun-alul-moot-ta-qee-n

 

Prescribed for you when death came to any of you
If he left behind assets
Is the bequest for parents and close relatives 
Made with fairness – a binding duty on the righteous.

 

  • كُتِبَ  — Ko-tay-ba — Prescribed  (= 1. Mandated, ordered, prescribed, preserved, recorded,  written Do’s and Don’ts that hold good eternally and are  made operative universally. 2. Authentic penned down material in black and white which is the decreed part of  a religion. The Holy Scripture sent down as a part of Divine Directive of Commands, Prohibitions, Rules and Regulations.  Put down in the Spiritual Code  codifying the rules of universal application.
  • عَلَيۡ — Alai — On (= Above; against; before; for; on top of; over; upon)
  • کُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. The Holy Qor-aan states  this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • اِ ذَ ا — Ezaa — When (= Any time or event; behold; consider; whenever)
  • حَضَرَ — Ha-dza-ra — Came to (= v., past., pl., 3rd person. Appeared; attended; arrived; presented; visited)
  • اَحَدَ — Aa-ha-da — Anyone (= Any one; one of many)
  • كُمُ — Ko-mo…(ol) — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. The Holy Qor-aan states  this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • الۡمَوۡتُ — Mao-to — Death (= After end of life on earth; extinction; stupor)
  • اِنۡ — In — If (= If situation arises; in case; under the circumstances)
  • تَرَكَ — Ta-ra-ka — Left behind (= v., past., s., 3rd person. Left as inheritance for someone else to take care of. Also, abandoned; cast off; deserted; discarded; disowned; forsaken; rejected; saved, shelved or stored as a highly valuable souvenir; treated useless as derelict or redundant)
  • خَيۡرَا — Khai-run — Assets (= Inheritance consisting of considerable possessions,  property and wealth; goods; horses, material belongings, temporal things)
  • اۨلۡوَصِيَّةُ — Ul-wa-se-ya-to — The will (= n., s., f gender. Action to bequeath; Bequest. Binding injunction, specific direction, testamentary disposition and expression of intent of a decedent to take effect after his death regarding his assets, inheritance, lands, legacy, moneys, property, possessions, valuables and wealth. The Holy Qor-aan has used this word in the singular form)
  • لِلۡ — L…(il) — For (= Decreed, for the benefit or purpose of. Concerning.  In the matter of. Regarding. Relative to)
  • لۡوَالِدَيۡنِ — Waa-lay-dai-nay — Parents (= Mother and father)
  • وَ — Wa…(ul) — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but;  also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
  • الۡاَقۡرَبِيۡنَ — Uq-ra-be-na — Close relatives (= Closely related; near kin; next of kin; near relatives)
  • بِ — B…(il) — With (= The Arabic word  بِ  literally in English means ‘with’.  When used with the word الۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ‌ it has been translated  variously like ‘according to, as a, as a gesture of, in, on or within)
  • الۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ‌ — Mau-roo-f — Fairness (= As appropriate customarily in decency, equity, grace, kindness, law honor and kindness. More meanings in Note 002:179)
  • حَقًّا — Huq-qun — Binding duty (= 1. Command; direction; duty; mandate; obligation made incumbent; order.   2.  Appreciable; desirable;  equitable; honorable; justified; proper; reasonable.   In appropriateness.  In equity.  In fairness and propriety.  In justice; just cause; justified conduct; In suitability; suitable; with justification.  Reasonableness; solid good reason. Right; right Faith;  exact particulars; total truth; precise truth; truthfulness)
  • عَلَيۡ — Alai — On (= Above; against; before; for; on top of; over; upon)
  • الۡمُتَّقِيۡنَ — Moot-ta-qee-n –The righteous    (= n., Those who avoid angering Allah, act piously and righteously, become God-fearing, and righteous, clean inner self, do duty to God, guard against or ward off evil. Protect, rescue, restrain or save themselves. See our Commentary The Righteous)

 

* Note 002:181.  This verse applies only to a dying person’s thoughts about his parents and immediate family are allowed as a verbal will. This verse does not affect intestate property and is no way meant to avoid injustice to others or other considerations around a testator’s acts. This verse also does not override any secular law or rules which relate to a will made as a “Dying Declaration” [which under the Law of Evidence is really limited to the criminal cases only and does not apply to civil disputes relating to the property].

 

            ** Note 002:181a. The Law of Wills includes this and the next two verses. The Law of Inheritance includes the verses 004:012 to 004:015. Some schools have carved out situations in which one Law overrides the other. Really both Laws merit to be obeyed.

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002:180

Posted on February 3, 2016 by Abid

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                              002:180

 

وَ لَـكُمۡ فِى الۡقِصَاصِ حَيٰوةٌ يّٰٓـاُولِىۡ الۡاَلۡبَابِ لَعَلَّکُمۡ تَتَّقُوۡنَ‏

.

Wa  la  koom  fee  il-qay-saa-say  ha-yaa-toon                                                                                Yaa  o-lee  ul-baa-bay  la-ulla  koom  tut-ta-qon

.

And for you in the Law of Compensation is a life                                                          Listen you those with understanding so that you can be righteous.

 

  • وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but; also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
  • لَ — La — For (= For what purpose; for what reason; what has befallen on her; what ails her; what is the matter with it)
  • کُمۡ — Koom You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. The Holy Qor-aan  has addressed this way both men and women jointly)
  • فِىۡ — Fee … (il) — In (= Contained or inside a duration, event time, place, period, thing or situation. In the matter of)
  • الۡقِصَاصِ — Qay-saa-say — Compensation (= n., The blood-money or consideration that a wrong-doer must pay to the victim in compensation, equitable retaliation, equality, fairness, recompense, redemption, reparation, reprisal, retribution, revenge, settlement, or vengeance by way of justice. See Commentary Law – Compensation – Qay-saas)
  • حَيٰوةٌ — Ha-yaa-toon — Life  (= n., A creature’s condition of breathing by inhaling and  exhaling. The quality shown by functions among other of growth and response to stimulation and reproduction by which living organisms are distinguished from dead organisms and inanimate matter. Extensions in living. Peaceful life with safety and security. Any measure to save and safeguard life)
  • يٰۤ — Yaa — Listen (= Be attentive; pay attention; O!)
  • اُولِىۡ — O-lee … (il) — People (= Masters; owners; possessors)
  • ٱلۡأَلۡبَـٰبِ — Aul-baa-bay — Understanding (= n., Common sense; high intellect; clear wisdom; sound mind; total awareness; wise ways)
  • لَعَلَّ — La-ul-la — So that (= Gave chance; haply; hopefully; perchance; possibly; hope and wish that it becomes; wishing a result to be)
  • کُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. The Holy Qor-aan states this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • تَتَّقُوۡنَ — Tut-ta-qoo-n — Be righteous (= v., pres., pl., 2nd person. Avoid angering Allah. Act piously and righteously. Be God-fearing. Become righteous. Clean inner self. Do duty to God. Guard against or ward off sin or evil. Protect, rescue, restrain and save yourself.  See Commentary The Righteous. A/t/a, ‘You may enjoy security’)
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002:179

Posted on February 2, 2016 by Abid

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                                    002:179

 

يٰٓاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا كُتِبَ عَلَيۡكُمُ الۡقِصَاصُ فِى الۡقَتۡلٰى  ؕ   الۡحُرُّ بِالۡحُـرِّ وَالۡعَبۡدُ بِالۡعَبۡدِ وَالۡاُنۡثَىٰ بِالۡاُنۡثٰىؕ  فَمَنۡ عُفِىَ لَهٗ مِنۡ اَخِيۡهِ شَىۡءٌ فَاتِّبَاعٌۢ بِالۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ وَاَدَآءٌ اِلَيۡهِ بِاِحۡسَانٍؕ  ذٰلِكَ تَخۡفِيۡفٌ مِّنۡ رَّبِّكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَةٌ  ؕ   فَمَنِ اعۡتَدٰى بَعۡدَ ذٰلِكَ فَلَهٗ عَذَابٌ اَلِيۡمٌۚ‏

 

Yaa-auy-yo-hul-la-zee-na-aa-ma-noo                                                                                          Ko-tay-ba-alai-ko-mool-qay-saa-so-fil-qut-laa
Ul-hoor-ro-bil-hoor-ray-wul-ub-do-bil-ub-day-wul-oon-thaa-bil-oon-thaa
Fa-mun-o-fay-ya-la-hoo-min-aa-khee-hay-shai-oon
Fut-tay-baa-oon-bil-mau-roo-fay
Wa-adaa-on-elai-hay-bay-aih-saan
Zaa-lay-ka-tukh-fee-foon-min-rub-bay-koom-wa-ruh-muh
Fa-ma-nae-ta-daa-bau-day-zaa-lay-ka                                                                                            Fa-la-hoo-azaa-boon-aa-lee-m.

 

Listen, you all who believed!                                                                                            Permitted to you is the compensation relative to the killing
A free man for a fee man, a slave for a slave and a female for a female.
Thus, anyone who is forgiven from his brother anything
Then the follow-up must be as appropriate
And payment to him due with generosity.
This expiation is a reduction from your God and a mercy
So, whoever crossed the line after that                                                                                Then for him is a painful punishment.

 

The Holy Qor-aan has used the Phrase Yaa-auy-yo-hul-la-zee-na-aa-ma-noo many times

  • يٰۤ — Yaa — Listen (= Be attentive; hearken; pay attention; O!)
  • اَيُّهَا — Auy-yo-ha(ul) — You all (= All addressees; entire audience; whole lot of listeners)
  • ٱلَّذِينَ — Ul-la-zee-na — Those who (= pl., m, 3rd person. Those articles, things or persons
  • اٰمَنُوۡۤ — Aa-ma-noo — They Believed (= v., past., pl., 3rd person. Believed in the Holy Qor-aan; became Moslems. Accepted, acknowledged, admitted or witnessed their entry in Iss-laam. See Commentaries like Islam – 101, Phrase Aa-ma-noo-wa-aa-may-loos … and Believe and Disbelieve that floodlight other aspects how the Holy Qor-aan has used this word)
  • كُتِبَ — Ko-tay-ba — Permitted (= v., passive. 1. Authentic penned down material in black and white that is decreed to be a part of a religion.   2. The part of the divine Commands and Prohibitions, directions, rules and regulations revealed, sanctioned, codified, written and added to a Spiritual Code.  3. Allowed, approved, authorized, bid, bounded to  follow, commanded, conveyed, decreed, directed,  enjoined, eternalized, laid down, legalized, made binding, made obligatory; mandated, ordered, ordained, permitted, prescribed or recorded as the Do’s and Don’ts that hold good eternally and made operative universally as the Rules of Universal Application for the entire Mankind)
  • عَلَيۡ — Alai — To (= Above; against; before; for; on; on top of; over; upon)
  • كُمُ — Ko-mo…(ol) — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person.  You.  The Holy Qor-aan states this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • الۡقِصَاصُ — Qay-saa-so — Compensation (= n., The blood-money or consideration that a wrong-doer must pay to the victim in compensation, equitable retaliation, equality, fairness, recompense, redemption, reparation, reprisal, retribution, revenge, settlement, or vengeance by way of justice. See Commentary Law – Compensation – Qay-saas)
  • فِىۡ — Fe…(il) — Relative to (= Concerning; in; in reference to; in the matter of; regarding)
  • الۡقَتۡلٰى — Qut-laa — Killing (= Bloodshed; homicide; murder; person slain, slaying. Some translations have limited the provision of Qay-saas to only intentional murders arguing that the accidental deaths do not entail capital punishment and other crimes not causing a death are excluded)
  • الۡحُرُّ — Ul-hoor-ro — Free man (= If the victim was a free person, and not a slave)
  • بِ — B…(il) — With / for  (= The Arabic word  بِ  literally means ‘with.’ The real  intent in the original text is also conveyed in the present scenario with the word ‘for’)
  • الۡحُـرِّ — Hoor-ray — Free man (= The offender who is a freeman, and not a slave)
  • وَ — Wa…(ul) — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but;  also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
  • الۡعَبۡدُ — Ul-ub-do — Slave (= If the victim was a slave, not a free person)
  • بِ — B…(il) — For / With (= The word بِ  literally means ‘with’ . See بِ above)
  • الۡعَبۡدِ — Ul-ub-day — Slave (= The offender who is a slave, not a free person)
  • وَ — Wa…(ul) — And (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
  • الۡاُنۡثَىٰ — Oon-thaa — Female (= If the victim was a woman)
  • بِ  — B…(il) — For / With (= The word بِ  literally means ‘with’ . See بِ above)
  • الۡاُنۡثَىٰ — Oon-thaa — Female (= The offender who is a woman)
  • فَ — Fa — Thus (= Consequently; as a result; so; then; therefore; yet)
  • مَنۡ — Mun — Anyone (= Who.; whoever; whoso. A/t/a Killer or murderer)
  • عُفِىَ — O-fay-ya — Forgiven (= Excused; granted concession or remission; pardoned; remitted)
  • لَ — La — For (= For what purpose; for what reason; what has befallen on her; what ails her; what is the matter with it)
  • هٗ — Hoo — Him (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Ref is to the slayer who wronged
  • مِنۡ — Min — From (= Among, from or out of the class, category, count, kind of several articles, things, persons or phenomenon)
  • اَخِيۡ — Aa-khee — Brother (= Affected, aggrieved or injured brother, heir or sibling. Included in this category are a victim’s next of kin, relative, representative, even administrator or executor of estate)
  • هِ — Hay — His (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Ref is to the slain, the victim)
  • شَىۡءٌ۬ — Shai-oon — Anything (= Smallest part of any article, item, object, material,   matter, thing, phenomenon or stuff; to the least extent.
  • فَ — Fa…(ut) — So (= Consequently; as a result; then; therefore; yet)
  • اتِّبَاعٌۢ — Tay-baa-oon –Follow-up (= Entailing; payback; the next sequential step such as the prosecution after a crime has been committed. A/t/a, blood-money; ‘Pursuing the matter for the realization of the blood-money” )
  • بِ  — B…(il) — As (= The Arabic word  بِ  literally in English means ‘with’.  When used with the word الۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ‌ it has been translated variously like ‘according to, as a, as a gesture of, in, on  or within)
  • الۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ‌ — Mau-roo-f — Appropriate (=Appropriate act, behavior, conduct, payback, etc. See the Note 002:179 below)
  • وَ — Wa — And — (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
  • اَدَآءٌ — Adaa-oon — Payment (= Compensation; disbursement; discharged; expense; fee;  fine; sum; recompense)
  • اِلَيۡ — Elai — To  (= In the direction of; towards)
  • هِ — Hay —  His  (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Refers to the victim’s brother)
  • بِ — Bay — With (= The Arabic word  بِ  literally means ‘with’ in English
  • اِحۡسَانٍ — Aih-saa-n — Kindness (= Beneficence. Handsomely. In a generous, good and  handsome manner.  With generosity, goodness and gratitude.  The word in a different context also means  ‘A better pay-off than the out-lay’)
  • ذٰلِكَ — Zaa-lay-ka –That (= Here; refers to an aforesaid fact, person or statement;   it was because; right here; such is this; that is how it is)
  • تَخۡفِيۡفٌ — Tukh-fee-foon — Reduction (= Alleviation; downward concession; matter of leniency.  Merciful dispensation)
  • مِنۡ — Min — From (= Among, from or out of the class, category, count, kind or several articles, things, persons or phenomenon)
  • رَّبِّ — Rub-bay — God (= The Almighty Allah who fills needs of all creatures Cherisher; Creator; Guardian; Master; Lord Provident.  The Only One Who provides all that sustains life.  The Ultimate Provider of air, water, food and whatever we and all other creatures need to live and subsist)
  • کُمۡ — Koom — You (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person.  You.  The Holy Qor-aan states this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • وَ — Wa — And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses. See وَ  above)
  • رَحۡمَةٌ — Ruh-muh — Mercy (= Beneficence; clemency; compassion; condoning;  forgiveness; gratitude; intercession; intervention;  kindness; leniency. Omitting, relenting or waiving punishment)
  • فَ — Fa — So (= Consequently; as a result; then; therefore; yet)’
  • مَنِ — Ma-n…(ae) — Whoever (= Anyone, who.; whoever; whoso)
  • اعۡتَدٰى –Ae-ta-daa — Crossed the line (= v., past., pl., 3rd person. Abused or misused concession; committed excess; crossed red line; disobeyed; exceeded the limit; gone beyond fairness, justice and  truthfulness; overstepped; transgressed. A/t/a, became  repeat offender, habitually killed, and ‘kills the killer after taking the blood-money’)
  • بَعۡدَ — Bau-da — After that(= After; behind; later; thereafter)
  • ذٰلِكَ — Zaa-lay-ka– That (= This word could have referred to this Commandment or the aforesaid fact, person or statement)
  • فَ — Fa — Then (= Consequently; as a result; then; therefore; yet)’
  • لَ — La — For (= Conveys that he should be administered and awarded)
  • هٗ — Hoo — Him (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Refers to aforesaid persons)
  • عَذَابٌ — Azaa-boon — Punishment (= Appropriate, due and fair agony, chastisement, doom,  hard task, penalty, recompense; torment, torture or scourge)
  • اَ لِيۡمٌ‏ — Aa-lee-m — Painful (= Grave; grievous; painful; severe; stern)

 

** Note 002:179. The word مَعۡرُوۡف    (Mau-roo-f) as an adjective means appropriately, beautifully, decently, equitably, fairly, gracefully, gratefully, gratuitously, honorably, lawfully, nicely, properly, reasonably, righteously, rightfully or suitably.

            The word مَعۡرُوۡف  (Mau-roo-f) as a noun can also mean what is appropriate, approved, becoming, befitting, customary, decent, equitable, fair, grace, graceful, honorable, just, kind, legal, proper, reasonable, suitable or within rights.

            With the letters  الۡ  before it the word الۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ‌ (Mau-roo-fay) has also been narrowed down in its meanings by some translators as “Islamic Monotheism and all that Islam orders one to do,” “Islamic Monotheism and all that Islam orders has ordained, ” and “Islamic Monotheism, and following Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.”

            The word الۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ‌ (Ul-mau-roo-fay) means any action, basis, behavior, fashion, conduct, form, gesture, manner, method, term, pay-back, way or word which is appropriate, customary, decent, doing the right thing, equitable, fair, good, graceful, gratuitous, honorable, in fairness, kind, lawful, nice, proper, reasonable, righteous, suitable, virtuous and within the limits of law and legitimacy.

             The word الۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ‌ (Mau-roo-fay) under the effect of the preceding hur-fay-jar بِ  has also been translated as follows: According to the custom or usage. As a gesture of kindness. In an approved, becoming, befitting, customary, decent, equitable, fair, generous, good, just, kind, legal, proper, reasonable or suitable basis, fashion, form, manner, method, term or way.  In or with decency, grace, gratefulness, honor and kindness. With propriety.

The Holy Qor-aan has used these words very frequently among others in verses 002:179,  002:181, 002:229,  002:230,  002:232,  002:233,  002:234, 002:235,  002:236,  002:237,  002:241,  002:242, 002:264,  003:105,  003:115,  004:006,  004:006,  004:007)

 

Posted in Commands - Humanism, Commentary and Notes, One God with 99 names, Qor-aan's Translation - verse #, Shariah Law | Tagged , , , , , , | Leave a comment

002:178

Posted on January 31, 2016 by Abid

The Holy Qor-aan                                                                                                              002:178

 

لَيۡسَ الۡبِرَّ اَنۡ تُوَلُّوۡا وُجُوۡهَكُمۡ قِبَلَ الۡمَشۡرِقِ وَ الۡمَغۡرِبِ وَلٰـكِنَّ الۡبِرَّ مَنۡ اٰمَنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَالۡيَوۡمِ الۡاٰخِرِ وَالۡمَلٰٓٮِٕکَةِ وَالۡكِتٰبِ وَالنَّبِيّٖنَ‌ۚ وَاٰتَى الۡمَالَ عَلٰى حُبِّهٖ ذَوِى الۡقُرۡبٰى وَالۡيَتٰمٰى وَالۡمَسٰكِيۡنَ وَابۡنَ السَّبِيۡلِۙ وَالسَّآٮِٕلِيۡنَ وَفِى الرِّقَابِ‌ۚ وَاَقَامَ الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتَى الزَّکٰوةَ ‌ ۚ  وَالۡمُوۡفُوۡنَ بِعَهۡدِهِمۡ اِذَا عٰهَدُوۡا ۚ وَالصّٰبِرِيۡنَ فِى الۡبَاۡسَآءِ وَالضَّرَّآءِ وَحِيۡنَ الۡبَاۡسِؕ اُولٰٓٮِٕكَ الَّذِيۡنَ صَدَقُوۡا ؕ وَاُولٰٓٮِٕكَ هُمُ الۡمُتَّقُوۡنَ‏

 

Lai-sa  ul-bir-ra  aun  to-waul-loo  wo-joo-ha  koom
Qay-ba-la  ul-maush-ray-qay  wa  ul-maugh-ray-bay
Wa  laa-kin-na  ul-bir-ra  maun  aa-ma-na  bay  il-laa-hay
Wa  ul-yao-may  il-aa-khay-ray  wa  ul-ma-laa-aiy-ka-tay
Wa  ul-kay-taa-bay  wa  un-na-be-ye-na

Wa  aa-ta  ul-maa-la  aa-laa  hoob-bay  he
Za-way  il-qoor-baa  wa  ul-ya-taa-maa
Wa  ul-ma-saa-kee-na  wa  ub-na  us-sa-bee-lay
Wa  us-saa-aiy-le-na  wa  fee  r-ray-qaa-bay

Wa  aa-qaa-ma  us-sa-laa-ta  wa  aa-tauz  za-kaa-ta
Wa  ul-moo-foo-na  bay  ah-day  him  aiy-zaa  aa-ha-do
Wa  us-saa-bay-re-na  fee  il-bau-saa-aiy  wa  udz-dzar-raa-aiy
Wa  he-na  ul-bau-thay

O-laa-aiy-ka  ul-la-ze-na  sa-da-qoo
Wa  ol-aa-aiy-ka  ho-mo  ol-moot-ta-qoon

 

It is no real virtue that you turn your faces
Towards the East or the West.
But the virtue is the practice by whoever believed in Allah
And the Judgment Day and the Angels
And the Book and the Prophets

And gave wealth despite it’s love
To the close relations and the orphans
And the poor and the son of the road (= wayfarer)
And the requesters for help and in restraints

And observed the prayer and paid the Purification.
And the fillers of their promise when they have made
And those perseverant in adversity and affliction
And during the situations of extreme distress.

These are all who told the truth fully
These are all who are righteous really.

 

  • لَـيۡسَ  — Lai-sa … (ul)  — No  (= Never; no; not all; absolute negation)
  • الۡبِرَّ  — Aul-bir-ra — Virtue (= All acts done in order to please the Almighty God.  Doing good deeds; good character; noble action; piety; righteousness; virtuous conduct in all acts of obedience)
  • اَنۡ — Aun — That (= Since; so that; for the purpose)
  • تُوَلُّوۡا — To-waul-loo — You turned (= v., pres., pl., 2nd person.,  Change to a different direction. Face or turn from one side to another. See Note 003:064)
  • وُجُوۡهَ — Wo-joo-ha — Faces (= n. pl., Faces; the front part of human body above neck and below head including the forehead, nose, cheeks and chin. See Note 004:126)
  • کُمۡ — Koom —  You  (= pro., pl., m., 2nd person. You. The Holy Qor-aan states this way when addressing both men and women jointly)
  • قِبَلَ  — Qay-ba-la … (ul) — Towards (= Facing; in the direction; to)
  • الۡمَشۡرِقِ  — Aul-maush-ray-qay — The East (= n., Eastern direction. The side from where sun rises)
  • وَ  — Wa … (ul) — And  (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses; additionally; but; also; more over; though; when; while; yet; whereupon)
  • الۡمَغۡرِبِ   — Aul-maugh-ray-bay — The West — (= Western direction. The side in which sun sets)
  • وَ  — Wa — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • لٰـكِنَّ — La-kin-na … (ul) — But (= However; instead; nevertheless; yet)
  • الۡبِرَّ — Aul-bir-ra — The virtue (= Doing good deeds; good character.  See الۡبِرَّ  above)
  • مَنۡ —  Maun — Whoever –(= Anyone; whoever; whom; whomever; whoso)
  • اٰمَنَ — Aa-ma-na — Believed  (= v., past., s., 3rd person  He had sincerely, totally and wholeheartedly believed in the Holy Qor-aan and accepted Islam.   2.   Admitted, affirmed, approved, confirmed, concurred  corroborated, embraced, entered, evidenced, proved,  testified and witnessed to have become Moslems)
  • بِ  — Bay … (il) — With (= The Arabic word  بِ  literally means ‘with’ in English
  • اللّٰهِ — Il-la-hay — Allah (= The Almighty God; The only One worthy of worship)
  • وَ  — Wa … (ul) — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡيَوۡمِ — Yao-may … (il) — The Day (= n., s., Juncture; period, term or time that comes to an end)
  • الۡاٰخِرِ — Aaa-khay-ray — Later (= adj., Coming; end; last; yet to come.   Since the word الۡيَوۡم means ‘day’ and الۡاٰخِرِ   means ‘Hereafter’, ‘yet to come’, the joined two-worded phrase الۡيَوۡمِ الۡاٰخِرِ means ‘The End  Day, The Judgment Day; The Resurrection’)
  • وَ  — Wa … (ul) — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡمَلٰٓٮِٕكَةِ — Aul-ma-laa-aiy-ka-tay — The Angels (= n., pl., The immortal beings in attendance of God Almighty;  a kind, loving and lovable person)
  • وَ — Wa … (ul) –And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • لۡكِتٰبِ — Aul-kay-taa-bay — The Book  (= n., 1.  The Divine Directive of Commands, Prohibitions,   Rules and Regulations. Holy Scripture. Testament that holds good and is operative eternally. Decreed part of a  religion. Spiritual Code codifying Rules of universal  application.  2.  The Collection of mandated, ordered,  prescribed, preserved, recorded, written do’s and don’ts.   3.  Authentic penned down material in black and white)
  • وَ — Wa … (un) — And  (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • النَّبِيّٖنَ — Aun-na-be-ye-na — Prophets (= n., pl., GOD’s messengers who receive revelations from Him and tell them to people as a new thing or news)
  • وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • اٰتَي — Aa-ta … (ul) — Gave (= v., past., s., 3rd person. Awarded; bestowed; blessed; conferred; doled; donated; entrusted; gave; gifted; granted; handed down; paid; presented.  This Command has provided man the real Key to Peace)
  • الۡمَالَ  — Aul-maa-la — Wealth  (= n., s., Affluence; assets, gains, good; money, property; riches; resources; substance; valuables. Much wider meanings come up by seeing this word as combination  of two words.  First word مَاۤ  means ‘all that, whatever or whatsoever.  Second word لَ means ‘for the benefit,  purpose or reason.  Combined the two-worded phrase  means ‘all and everything that a person owns’)
  • عَلٰى — Alaa — Despite (= Against; before; during; for; on top of; over; to; upon. A/t/a incurs, obligates, subjects himself to or takes on)
  • حُبِّ — Hoob-bay — Love (= n., Attachment; deep connection; cherished wealth)
  • هٖ — He — Its (= pro., s., m., 3rd person. Various translations referred   this pronoun to the following different persons.  [1]   God Almighty in whose love the money is given.  [2]  Owner of the wealth who loves it.   [3]   The wealth which the owner loves very much.  [4]    The recipient of the charity who gets it.   [5]   “Love of God, notwithstanding love for money” – Malik Ghulam Farid)

{The next 9 words are also used in verse 004:037}

  • ذَوِى — Za-way … (il) — Of  (= Bestowed with; master, of, owner; possessor)
  • الۡقُرۡبٰى — Il-qoor-baa — Close relations (= Near; near kin; kindred; kinsfolk; relations; relatives.  Combination of two words. The first  ذِى  (zee) or  ذ و  (zoo) or  ذَوِى  (za-we) means ‘master, of, owner; possessor.’  The second قُرۡبٰى (qoor-baa) means closeness.  Jointly  thus the combination ذَوِى الۡقُرۡبٰى refers to close relatives.  Kinsfolk. Near of kin)
  • وَ — Wa … (ul) — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡيَتٰمٰى — Aul-ya-ta-maa — The orphans (= n., pl., Kids with no parent; Children without one or both parents. Generally refers to the helpless children who are destitute)
  • وَ —  Wa … (ul) — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡمَسٰكِيۡنَ — Aul-ma-saa-kee-na — The poor (= n., s., Abjectly poor; destitute; homeless; hungry with  no food to eat; one of the have-nots; unable to fend for themselves)
  • وَ — Wa … (ub) — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • ابۡنَ — Aub-na … (us) — Son (= n., s., Combined with the word that follows, it means a wayfarer; on a journey; traveler)
  • السَّبِيۡلِ — Aus-sa-bee-lay– Road (= n., Highway, passage, path, road, route or way)
  • وَ — Wa … (us) — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • السَّآٮِٕلِيۡنَ — Aus-saa-aiy-lee-na — Requesters (= n., pl., 1. In a limited and narrow sense, the beggars, needy or poor who ask for financial help because of some necessity which can’t be met in any other way.  2.  In a much broader sense, all applicants, petitioners or  requestors who solicit for anything – legal help, money,   job, business opportunity, medical treatment, favor, or any other kind of need)
  • وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • فِىۡ — Fee … (r) — In (= n., 1. Contained inside a duration, time, place, period, thing or situation. 2. In matters of, regarding or relative to arranging, redemption,  paying ransom, procuring freedom or setting free slaves, captives and prisoners)
  • الرِّقَابِ —  Aur-ray-qaa-bay — Restraints (= n., pl., Chains.  Ref is to the compensation or ransom demanded to set free the captive, imprisoned, incarcerated, jailed, prisoner or yoked in slavery. Ransoming of slaves)

The Holy Qor-aan has repeated several times the Command in next six (6) words

  • وَ — Wa — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • اَقَامَ — Aa-qaa–ma … (us) — Established (= v., past., s., 3rd person. Attended to. Were steadfast. Complied fully with all dictates of all prayers. Performed with regularity. Observed properly)
  • الصَّلٰوةِ —  Aus-sua-laa-ta — The prayer (= n., This worship consists of daily payers numbering five as mandated and two more optionally. It is praying night and day, all the time in all things done [003:192], with full attention and focused mind, abjectly beseeching and supplicating. This Command to the Israelites [002:044 and 002:084] was later mandated for the Moslems [002:111] as well)
  • وَ — Wa —  And  (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • اٰتَي — Aa-ta … (uz)  — Brought about (= v., past., s.,  3rd  person. Awarded. Conferred.  Contributed. Delivered. Distributed. Donated. Gave. Granted. Handed over. Laid out. Paid. Practiced. Presented. Remit. This Command  has provided man the real Key to Peace)
  • الزَّكٰوةَ — Auz-za-kaa-ta — The Purification (= n., Alms for it leads to piety. Charity. Donation. Part of income paid as alms or tithes to purify earnings and soul. Poor due. Poor-rate. Purification. The amount invested in the causes of Allah, to make one’s earnings grow and to reap greater rewards in the future and the Hereafter. . See Commentary Islam 104 – 5 Acts of worships. A/t/a, ‘Alms-tax’
  • وَ — Wa … (ul) — And  (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الۡمُوۡفُوۡنَ — Moo-foo-na — Fillers (= n., pl., Those who carry out, complete, fulfill or honor)
  • بِ — Bay — With (= The Arabic word  بِ  literally means ‘with’)
  • عَهۡدِ — Ah-day — Promise (= n., A binding, firm, serious or solemn affirmation, assurance, confirmation, undertaking or ratification. Agreement; commitment; contact; covenant; pledge)
  • هِمۡ — Him — Their   (= pro., pl., m., 3rd person. Refers to aforesaid ‘promisor’.  Here is one example of how a pronoun for 3rd person has been translated as ‘ye’ which is meant for an addressee in 2nd person by A Yusuf Ali)
  • اِذَا — Aiy-zaa — When (= Any time, event, occasion or opportunity; whenever)
  • عٰهَدُوۡا — Aa-ha-do — They made (= v., past., pl. 3rd person.  Affirmed; agreed; confirmed; contracted; entered;  pledged; promised; ratified; solemnly undertook; verified)
  • وَ — Wa … (us) — And (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الصّٰبِرِيۡنَ — Aus-saa-bay-re-na — Perseverant (= n., Consistent; constant; insistent; patient; persistent;  pursuant; steadfast; those who patiently persevere with   continuity, endurance, fortitude and regular repetitions  and show above characteristics with no failing, flailing  falling or faltering; unwavering.  Patient in tribulation  and adversity and time of stress)
  • فِىۡ — Fee … (il) — In (= Amidst or inside a duration, event, time, place, period, thing or situation)
  • الۡبَاۡسَآءِ — Il-Bau-saa-aiy — Adversity (= n., Deprivation; destitution, homelessness, indigence, insolvency, poverty, penury, etc. See Note 002:215)
  • وَ — Wa … (udz) — And  (= Conj., links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • الضَّرَّآءِ  — Audz-dzur-raa-aiy — Affliction (= n., Ailment, calamity, disease, distress, hurt, illness, injury, pain, sickness, suffering or weakness due to a disability, infirmity or other perilous situations. See Note 002:215)
  • وَ — Wa — And — (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • حِيۡنَ — He-na … (ul) — During (= All the way through; in the period; throughout)
  • الۡبَاۡسِ — Aul-bau-say — Distress (= n., Anguish; anxiety; apprehension; disquiet; distress; fear; fretfulness; nervousness; unease; worry. Extreme anger or wrath. Also describes a moment of extreme discomfort and uncontrollable physical pain usually resulting in very fast heartbeats and palpitation. A/t/a,  Times of a battle, conflict or war. Agitated panic that  accrues usually in a battle when situation tilts heavily  in favor of the enemy or opposing forces)
  • اُولٰٓٮِٕكَ  — O-laa-aiy-ka … (ul) — These are all (= Aforesaid facts, persons or things.  Such are. Here the reference is to aforesaid folks, people)
  • ٱلَّذِينَ — Aul-la-ze-na –Those who (= pl., m, 3rd person. All those articles, things or persons)
  • صَدَقُوۡا  — Sa-da-qoo — Told the truth (= v., pl., Accepted, believed, confirmed; declared, proved, fulfilled, maintained, supported, testified or sincerely,  totally and whole-heartedly upheld the truth; told the truth; were truthful)
  • وَ — Wa — And  (= Conj., It links words, phrases or clauses.  See وَ  above)
  • اُولٰٓٮِٕكَ — Olaa-aiy-ka — These are all (= Aforesaid facts, persons or things. Such are. Here the   reference is to aforesaid folks, people)
  • هُمُ — Ho-mo … (ol) –Them (= pro., pl., m., 3rd person. Refers to aforesaid sincere ones)
  • الۡمُتَّقُوۡنَ — Moot-ta-qoo-n — Righteous (= n., Clean; pious; doers of duty owed to God Almighty.  God-Fearing. Noble. Pious. Righteous. Virtuous. Who ‘avoid angering Allah’ earnestly.   See the Commentary ‘The Righteous’)        

 

*Note 002:178.    The divine mandate is to take care of some under-privileged segments of the society.    The fortunate who have utilized time, money and energy to produce results are told to spread the word.    Some have-nots  ذَوِى الۡقُرۡبٰى وَالۡيَتٰمٰى وَالۡمَسٰكِيۡنَ وَابۡنَ السَّبِيۡل  have been made the responsibility of those who have been blessed with aforesaid means.   The rich are mandated to share some of their blessings with the less fortunate.    In its verses including the following the Holy Qor-aan has named four such ways of sharing, i.e., Causes of God, Qur-zay-Husna, Saud-qauh and Zakaat.                                                    002:084 enumerates them as a part of the Covenant amade with the Children of Israel.  002:178 counts them as the virtues that man must practice even thousands of years later.  002:216 states them as the duties of all men who are the residents of one human village.  Chapter 092 lays out a plan for economic success all can climb – like a ladder, step by step.

Individually each above-mentioned act produces a lot of good.  Collectively they all are destined to uplift the whole society.  The one-word Iss-laam reflects these virtues of Humanism

 

Reproduced below is the Note 002:044.

* Note 002:044.   The Holy Qor-aan has repeated this particular direction to the mankind very frequently.   It is stated in 2nd person format ‘you’ اَقِيۡمُوا الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتُوا الزَّكٰوةَ and in 3rd person ‘they’ to  اَقَامَ الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتَى الزَّکٰوةَ.   It means to Establish and observe regularly the Prayers and pay / bring about the Purification, Zakaat.   It is stated among others in the verses 002:044, 002:084, 002:111, 002:178, 002:278, 022:079, 073:021.   It is reiterated in essence among others in the verses 005:056, 009:011, 009:071, 019:056, 098:006.   Its significance is that man must express his love for God and fellow beings by these physical actions.   The direction underscores why the Arabic word for man is  اِنۡسَا ن  (In-saan) meaning ‘One with two loves.’

 

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The Key To Peace

Posted on January 31, 2016 by Abid

LAW

The Key to Peace

See our Commentary titled as Islaam – 303 – Jihad is no road to Peace which is the hub-post and refers to about a dozen other Commentaries related to different aspects of Jihad.

Why welfare?    Why worry about the poor, have-not’s, under-privileged?    What connection has the fending for the needy got with the peace or security?    How is feeding hungry, eliminating aid, suppressing malaria or taking care of those who can’t take care of themselves thousands of miles away affect the peace, security, safety of the people living far away?

Today almost every country in the world has or is building huge military, except for the few clipped by the Surrender Treaties like Germany and Japan who depend upon foreigners to put bases in them for their protection and safety.    Animal lovers have convinced game hunters to use bullets that sedate, tranquilize and anesthetize wild or zoo-escaping animals.    Militarized police, however, is issued bullets like enemy-hunting boots-on-ground to ensure an immediate kill before a first responder can reach to deliver first aid.    This disease is no more confined to developing countries.    Fully developed countries in Europe and Americas are also infected.

Nations are spending humongous portion of their annual budgets to beef up their armies and even militarizing their domestic police departments with armored cars, bullet-proof gears, and tanks to control their own people.    From super-powers to other wan-bees all are wasting year after year trillions of dollars worth of sources to expand their nuclear arsenal, strengthen air armadas and drones, enlarge inter-continental missiles build-ups, extend navies and territorial water limits, training spies and killers, and developing other means to destroy enemy lives.    And who cares for the collateral damage anyway.    See images of towns where ISIS has played havoc.

Russia justified annexing or expanding controls on others territories like Afghanistan and Ukrine.    USA justified to democratize Iraq and Libya.    Israel justified dazzling Palestinians to buy their lands until their Grand Moofti issued Futwa that they had no right to sell the land that belonged to their trust.    ISIS justifies terrorizing anyone they can catch to multiply recruitment.    North Korea and Iran wish to aggrandize their leaders.    Chile, India or Pakistan wish to stay in mad race in case their national security or economic development or religion is threatened.    We can go on and on counting land-mines put against peace to settle in.  But the Key to world peace we already have.   World Peace Through Law is achievable by practicing fair and equitable laws.

Call me the utopian idealistic who lives in the land of imagination and not the real world.    But where would be any justification for all above IF man had followed one simple Command?   The verse 002:178 of the Holy Qor-aan had provided an anti-dote way ahead of the times today.   The Commandment in a brief sentence had told mankind what to do.    It exhorted the spending of wealth by the bread-winners in a society who have the wealth. It pointed the areas in which the less-fortunate have-nots must be helped and taken care of.    It was implemented by the Holy Prophet s.a.w by launching several social welfare services.    His successor caliph considered it critically important to continue the programs at any cost.    He went to war against Moslems to continue those services with a regular income stream.    It led the human village to develop plans and programs to establish peace from its top to toe.    It proved to be the key to the prosperity and success of ordinary people anywhere in world.    It became a fulfilled prophecy that governments will use their resources to make citizens prosper.   It is a fundamental function of any civilized nation today to fend for its vulnerable populace.    It still benefits the weakest, the poorest, the helpless and the most vulnerable in the society.    It includes following among other similar categories.

  • Relatives         Trusts and tryst and a whole big area of law and banking built around.
  • Orphans          Departments of welfare to look after anyone who can’t fend for himself.
  • Wayfarers       Commerce, transportation, infrastructure and travelers needs.
  • Petitioners      Clergy, charity-collectors and donation-extortionists.
  • Captives          Criminal justice system and laws for those yoked in economic slavery.
  • Man in street  But not the Wall Street, banking, insurance and other parasites.

The cancers in the humanity in the form of Capitalism, Communism, Socialism or any other schism would not have even grown if this one Commandment had been in place.    Most of such communal ills which sprouted in the past 3 centuries can still be set to reverse.    What we must do is what this Commandment told mankind to do nearly 14 centuries ago.    After all this is the Guidance that the Creator knew was the best for His creatures to pursue.    I’m sure one day man will put this Command into practice and get all the good God planned.   Sadly by that time we alive today may not be there to reap its benefits but our progenies will.    All required for us to do right now is that we plant this tree of implementing this Command.    Future generations will bear the fruit and be grateful for what their mothers and fathers did.  Otherwise man will go on fighting cold and hot anti-drug, anti-gun and anti-terrorism wars.    All the foreign aids of arms, munitions and propaganda fanning agitation can’t give peace.   A continued avoidance to act on this Commandment guarantees an insecure world of wars.    Wasting trillions of dollars worth spent in fighting all kinds of wars cannot bring real peace.    Investing a faction of it in education health, economic development and infrastructures will.    The lasting benefits we all must seek.

I wish we could travel again by road in PEACE through the Middle East as it was in 1965 to 1967.    I still cherish those travels we did three times between England and Pakistan all in real total peace.    I drove 1st time 8000+ miles, in all hours of the day and night, in snowy mountains to hot deserts.    I drove with my wife, once with 3 ladies of her family and once with our 2 kids under 2 year-old.    We traveled in PEACE . See Commentary Travelogue 11 state the following.

“Peaceful, enjoyable, care-free, hearty welcome we got in all places we stayed even as we knew no local language.  The beautiful cities, hotels and restaurants were sheer joy to enter and order food, not from their menus but from the little pictures of poultry and beef we carried in our pocket.  The experiences with the people of the countries on the way during those travels and the memories they left us are so very pleasant and precious that I find few words to describe them.  We traveled with no fear, no anxieties, no danger of any kind.  We felt safe and enjoyed PEACE.  We witnessed PEACE wherever we went, passed thru or stayed.  We miss that pleasant PEACE.  Mankind has the Key to PEACE provided in the Holy Qor-aan 002:178 but they have not used it.  We wish that PEACE settles in soon.”

            I know Man Can And One Day Will Have PEACE again though I wish it was in my life when I could take my grand-children for such an educational wonderful experience as I had fifty years ago.

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Tr – Travelogue – 11 – England to Pakistan in 16 days

Posted on January 31, 2016 by Abid

 

Travelogue – 11 – England to Pakistan in 16 days

 

In February 1965 I planned my first journey in a VW Beetle from England to Pakistan.  I was a student in London U and an ad got me a Sikh student to share gas cost to go to India.  I motored thru Belgium, France, Germany, Austria, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Turkey and Iran.  I drove in all hours of the day and night, in cold rain and wet snow and sweltering heat too.  One night I drove through 6 to 8 feet high walls of ice on both sides of the road made by the bulldozers in Austria.  Next day I drove on Yugoslavia Autoput with freezing cold wind that made heater blow cold air.  Next day the Bulgarian hotel and police kept passports of all travelers who had stayed the night.  Hours later we were let go after a Russian military convoy had passed thru the city of Belgrade.

Next week on a Turkish mountain the snow started coming down hard and soon the car was sliding towards the back.  I tried to go uphill but it glided backwards and did not stop until it had hit a big stone on road-side.  We got out of car and saw the stone that had stopped our fall thousands feet below in deep valley.  The One upstairs had by His Divine hand saved me for a good purpose which then I didn’t know.   We stepped into inches of snow and saw in the distant a flicker of a light and started walking to it.  It took us about one-half hour to reach the door from which the light from an oil lamp shined.  A preteen opened the door, saw two strangers at their door in the dark and called aloud someone.  We knew no Turkish and they knew no other language but a bit of my Arabic conveyed our plight.  We were taken to a mosque, fed bread with dry cheese and tea, a dinner delicious to the last sip.  Someone assembled 4/ 5 Turks and spoke an Arabic phrase meaning all Moslems were brothers.  Any lingering doubt thus gone all faces lit up knowing they were helping one Pakistani Moslem.  We talked for an hour or so and I can’t say how much one side said was understood by the other.  They gave me Holy Qor-aan and asked for a Qir-rut (recitation) which was a real delight to me.  We slept on a mattresses of reeds and were still asleep when hot tea woke us up and sun was up.  They took us to the car, pushed it on road, refused to take any money and hugged us good-bye.

We drove thru wilderness for days and ate what was available at gas stations.    Downing bread, cheese, tomatoes with bottled soft drink soon left all charm in healthy food.    The sight of roasted chicken served on top of a huge plate of pilaf in Tehran was a great meal.    Next week it was dusty sweltering heat of Kerman and Baluchistan deserts in Iranian south.    Next morning I entered Pakistan at Qla Sofed, and arrived in Quetta by Friday prayer time.    A policeman told me of the Ahmadiyya Mosque. After prayer, I was welcomed with hugs.    It touched me a great deal as I had never been to Quetta before and was a total stranger to all.    But the greeters by the dozens made me feel as if I were their lost brother just come home.    I didn’t notice on the way a night-time earthquake but reached home in Lahore next morning.    I had driven 8,000+ miles in 16 days but the tops was experiences of Moslems brotherhood.    The memory of happenings in Turkey, Quetta and in that journey are forever fresh in mind.    God’s Grace in those delightful memories is as fragrant now as it was back in March 1965.

Three months later as a newly-wed with my wife and her family members we drove in a Corasir.    Leaving Lahore in Pakistan we drove through Afghanistan and northern Iran to reach UK in 30 days.    We drove through Shah-Pasund, the hunting-grounds of the Iranian Emperors and a pleasure for us then.    Next week in the month of June we drove by snow on roadsides on a Turkish mountain close to Erzorum.    The day-long drive on the northern shoreline of Turkey from Samson to Trabzon greatly enthralled us.    The Black Sea breeze from our right and the greenery on our left can’t be easily erased from memory easily.

We entered Europe on an Istanbul ferry across Black Sea.    Next day on a Bulgarian road we stopped to buy fresh fruits from one of the road-side stalls.    A young woman vendor noticed the golden bangles on my wife’s arm and screamed happily.    In no time 6 or 7 other girls arrived at my wife’s open window and kissed her hands in turns.    Such kissing the hand of a new bride was construed as a good omen for their own marriages.    They dumped a huge supply of grapes  and cherries on my wife and refused to accept money.    Finally I put some currency in a little girl’s hands and drove off to avoid a return of money.    Next day in Zaghreb my sever chest pains had me admitted for surgery in the local hospital.    A few hours later I was released ‘fully cured’ without any heart-attack symptoms or surgery.    Apparently the preparatory sedative injection I got had really relaxed my stomach muscles.    Resultant release of wind that was tied inside me due to long drive finally found a way out.     Thank God for evaporating all suspicions of a heart attack or the need for imminent surgery.

Two years later once again I drove with my wife and our 2 under-2 year-old kids in an ever so longer-lower-wider Zypher.    This trip along with three lady members of our family took 36 days from England to reach Pakistan.    We enjoyed Afghan hospitality in a highway motel. N  ice comfortable stay in a two-room suite.    Big delicious dinner and sumptuous breakfast for three adults and lots of milk for our two boys.    A locked-in garage for our car so that we did not have to empty it at night and load it on next day.    All for 32 Afghanis which had then equaled 4 Pakistani Rupees which then equaled less than $1.

Then the 1967 Arab-Israeli war broke out in the Middle East.    Other regional conflicts  like the Iraq-Iran, Arab-Israeli and First Gulf war soon followed.    Afghanistan was invaded by Russians.     Iranians held the American hostages for 444 days.    The political chaos in Middle East and North Africa turned into massive storm of violence.   It was as if one gigantic volcanic eruption had suddenly exploded and set ablaze everything.    The ensuing fire scorched the peace and foreigners fuelled fires by dumping in deadly arms.    The 9/11 and demolition of Saddam Husain regime sent the flames of fighting go higher.    The genii of murder, mayhem, massacre  had been let out and few knew how to put it back.    All dreams to peacefully travel thru Europe and Middle East with grandchildren were gone.

Peaceful, enjoyable, care-free, hearty welcome we got in all places we stayed even as we knew no local language.    The beautiful cities, hotels and restaurants were sheer joy to enter and order food, not from their menus but from the little pictures of poultry and beef we carried in our pocket.    The experiences with the people of the countries on the way during those travels and the memories they left us are so very pleasant and precious that I find few words to describe them.    I wish we could travel again by road in PEACE through the Middle East as it was in 1965 to 1967.    I cherish those travels we did three times between England and Pakistan, all in peace,  real PEACE.    We traveled with no fear, no anxieties, no danger of any kind  We felt safe and enjoyed PEACE.    We witnessed PEACE wherever we went, passed thru or stayed.    We miss that pleasant PEACE.    Mankind has the Key to PEACE provided in the Holy Qor-aan 002:178 but they have not used it.    We wish PEACE settles in soon.

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