The Holy Qor-an 002:038
فَتَلَقّٰٓى اٰدَمُ مِنۡ رَّبِّهٖ كَلِمٰتٍ فَتَابَ عَلَيۡهِؕ اِنَّهٗ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيۡمُ
Fa-ta-luq-qa-ada-mo-mir-rub-bay-he-ka-lay-maa-tin Fa-taa-ba-ala-hay In-na-hoo-ho-wut-tuw-wa-bor-ra-heem.
Then Adam received from his God some words So, He (God) turned to him (Adam). He indeed is the Utmost Forgiving, the Utmost Merciful.
- فَ — Fa — Then (= Consequently; as a result; so; thereafter; therefore)
- تَلَقّٰٓى — Ta-luq-qa — Received (= v., past., s., 3rd person. Learned; received commandments or inspiration; got the revelation)
- اٰدَمُ — Aa-da-mo — Adam (= Adam; the name of a Messenger / Prophet of Allah)
- مِنَ — Min…(r) — From (= Among, from or out of a class, category, count kind, or several persons or things)
- رَّبِّ — Rub-bay — God (= The Almighty Allah who fills needs of all creatures;
Creator; Guardian; Master; Lord Provident. The Only One Who provides all that sustains life. Ultimate Provider of air, water, food and whatever we and all other creatures need to live and subsist) - هٖ — He — His (= s., m., 3rd person. Refers to Adam)
- كَلِمٰتٍ — Ka-lay-maa-tin — Words (= n., pl., Activities; acts; assignments; duties; functions; messages; mission statement; phrases; promises; proofs; set of words; signs; tasks; words of prayer, inspiration, regret or remorse; signs; useful commandments)
- فَ — Fa — So (= Consequently; so; then; therefore. See فَ above)
- تَابَ — Taa-ba — He turned (= v., past., s., m., 3rd person. As God’ act, the word means that He attended, moved, turned and forgave mercifully with kindness and compassion. See Note 002:038)
- عَلَيۡ — Alai — On (= Above; against; for; on top of; over; upon. Also possibly
Incurs, obligates, subjects himself to, or takes on) - هِ — Hay — Him (= s., m., 3rd person. Refers to Adam)
The next five (5) words are repeats in verses 002:038 and 002:055
- اِنَّ — In-na — Definitely (= Absolutely; certainly; doubtlessly; earnestly; indeed; in all seriousness; positively; really; surely; truly; verily)
- هٗ — Hoo — Only He (= s., m., 3rd person. Refers to the Almighty God)
- هُوَ — Ho-wa..(ut) — He Alone (= s., m., 3rd person. Refers to the Almighty God. See also, “2 Pronouns referring to the same person….”)
- التَّوَّابُ — Tuw-waab .. (or) — Utmost Forgiver (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most, and highlights that none more than Him is ready to turn in compassion and mercy to accept the regret, remorse and repentance of man. Forgives man who admits faults, guilt or sins. A/t/a, Forgiving; Oft-Returning; Returning in utmost compassion; Relenting. See Note 002:038)
- الرَّحِيۡمُ — Ra-heem — Utmost Merciful (= superlative form indicates the greatest, the highest, the most, and highlights that none more than Him shows mercy again and again, continually, incessantly and indefinitely like the endlessly and perpetually incoming waves from the oceans; Merciful Forever. See 001:002)
* Note 002:038. The basic meanings of the words derived from the Arabic Root ت ا ب revolve around returning or reversing. The translations of this word are so vast and varied that they can’t be compressed or condensed in a single word or phrase in English. The word implies 1) return, 2) reversal to the core truth and 3) human regret and repentance for forgiveness.
The concept of return or reversal is carried in every derivate of this root such as follows.
- تَا بَ (taa-ba = v., past., s., 3rd person) means He turned or returned in extreme compassion to forgive. As a man’s act it also means repented. regretted, reversed, felt remorse, etc.
- يَتُوۡبُ (ya-too-bo = v., pres., s., 3rd person) means He turns or returns in extreme compassion to forgive. As a man’s act it also means repents, regrets, reverses. feels remorse, etc.
- التَّوۡبَةُ (ta–ba-too-n = n., s) means a man’s act of turning, returning,, reversing, repentance, regret and being remorseful.
- التَّوَّابُ (tuw-waab = n., s.,) means The One who turns or returns to forgive man’s faults, mistakes, sins and wrongs compassionately, generously, graciously and mercifully. It is like when Adam had admitted, confessed and apologized for his wrong, and God Almighty had … * Turned to him and forgave in kindness and compassion; * Accepted his regret, remorse and repentance; * Forgave him after admission of fault, guilt and sin; * Granted his regret compassionately and mercifully; * Pardoned him and relented towards him with kindness; and * Showered upon him mercy generously and readily.
The Holy Qor-aan has used the derivates from the root ت ا ب in many verses.
- As an act of God Almighty, such derivates followed by the word عَلَيۡ (alai meaning on, upon, to or towards) mean that He turns or turned towards man to accept his apology and afforded him another opportunity to make necessary amends. This is shown in verses like 002:038, 002:055, 002:161, 002:188, 004:018, 004:027, 004:028, 005:040, etc.
- As an act of man, the word تَا بَ (taa-ba) or other derivates of its roots appear in several verses including 002:280, 004:018, etc. Additionally, this word followed by the verbاَصۡلَحَ or other derivates reiterates the Repentance Requires Reformation rule that makes man mend his ways as stated in verses 002:161, 004:017, 004:147, 005:040, 006:055, etc.
002:039
The Holy Qor-an 002:039
قُلۡنَا اهۡبِطُوۡا مِنۡهَا جَمِيۡعًا ۚ فَاِمَّا يَاۡتِيَنَّكُمۡ مِّنِّىۡ هُدًى فَمَنۡ تَبِعَ هُدَاىَ فَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُوۡنَ
Qool na auh-bay-too min haa ja-me-aun Fa im-ma yau-tay-yaun-na koom min nee ho-daun Fa maun ta-bay-aa ho-daa-ya fa Laa khao-foon aa-lai him wa laa hoom yauh-za-noo-n
We said, “You all go away from here. Then if ever comes to you from Me the Guidance Then whoever follows My guidance, then No fear upon them. And they do not grieve.”
This verse ends with the Phrase Laa-khao-foon aa-lai-him … meaning No Fear Upon
* Note 002:039a. The word / phrase اِمَّا (Im-maa) consists of two words.
** Note 002:039b. This is a combination of two words. The first is مِنۡ that means “among, from or out of the class, category, count, kind or several persons or things.’ The second is ىۡ that means ‘me’ (s., m & f.,1st person) as a doer, master or owner of said classes. Here it refers to the Almighty.
*** Note 002:039c. The Almighty Allah has stated one of His Rules of Universal Application in the words لَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُوۡن (No fear upon them. And they do not grieve). Anyone can label it as an assurance, consolation, guaranty, promise, reward or whatever name one chooses. But in nutshell He has established His rule that He rewards the good deeds and has repeated it for several groups of people including the following.
See the significance of repetitions in our Commentary Repetitions in the Holy Qor-aan have benefits.
**** Note 002:039d. The phrase هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُوۡنَ “hoom-ya-hza-noon” consists of two words.
o The first word هُمۡ (= hoom) is a pronoun that refers to ‘all those’ in masculine gender.
o The second word يَحۡزَنُوۡنَ (=Yauh-za-noon) is a verb showing the act ‘of feeling grief due to what evokes regret and remorse’ by ‘them all’ (= pro., pl., m., addressee in 3rd person).
o When a pronoun points to a person, and is followed by a verb which with one of its 14 variations refers to an action by that person, the two-worded phrase so created lays an extreme emphasis on the stated action. Thus the phrase هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُوۡنَ “hoom-yah-za-noon” means ‘They really and without any shadow of doubt’ feel the grief and worry.”.
o Examples of this kind including this verse are found in 002:005, 002:013, 002:014, 002:023, 002:033, 002:034, 002:038, 002:039, 002:043, 002:045, 002:063, 002:113, 002:275, 002:278 and other places in the Holy Qor-aan. See Commentary titled as “2 pronouns or 1 pro and 1 verb mean …“